In alternative embodiments, provided are products of manufacture such as medical or dental devices, e.g., bone implants, having zinc phosphate (ZnP) coatings prepared on zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) based biodegradable metals and other non-biodegradable substrates, e.g., stainless steel, titanium and its alloys, cobalt-chrome alloys, nickel titanium alloys, to improve surface biocompatibility and provide antibacterial properties, and to enhance vascularization, and methods of making and using them. In alternative embodiments, also provided are methods to form ZnP coatings, including ZnP coatings with a porous surface, on metal surfaces such as zinc surfaces, and Zn-, Mg-, and Fe-based biodegradable metals, and other non-biodegradable substrates.

A biodegradable in vivo supporting device is disclosed. The in vivo supporting device comprises a biodegradable metal scaffold and a biodegradable polymer coating covering at least a portion of the biodegradable metal scaffold, wherein the biodegradable polymer coating has a degradation rate that is faster than the degradation rate of the biodegradable metal scaffold.

A biodegradable in vivo supporting device is disclosed. The in vivo supporting device comprises a biodegradable metal scaffold and a biodegradable polymer coating covering at least a portion of the biodegradable metal scaffold, wherein the biodegradable polymer coating has a degradation rate that is faster than the degradation rate of the biodegradable metal scaffold.

A method for preparing a chitosan/heparinized graphene oxide composite multilayer film on the surface of a medical magnesium alloy comprises the following steps: firstly preparing negatively charged heparinized graphene oxide; then performing surface chemical treatment and self-assembly of 16-phosphonohexadecanoic acid molecules on the medical magnesium alloy; further covalently immobilizing chitosan on the surface of the magnesium alloy, thereby constructing a positively charged material surface; finally, alternately immersing the surface-modified magnesium alloy material in heparinized graphene oxide and a chitosan solution, and then fully adsorbing, and obtaining the chitosan/heparinized graphene oxide composite multilayer film after drying. The surface modification of the medical magnesium alloy by adopting the method of the present invention can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the magnesium alloy to lay a foundation for the application of the magnesium alloy in the field of implantable medical devices such as vascular stents.

A method for preparing a chitosan/heparinized graphene oxide composite multilayer film on the surface of a medical magnesium alloy comprises the following steps: firstly preparing negatively charged heparinized graphene oxide; then performing surface chemical treatment and self-assembly of 16-phosphonohexadecanoic acid molecules on the medical magnesium alloy; further covalently immobilizing chitosan on the surface of the magnesium alloy, thereby constructing a positively charged material surface; finally, alternately immersing the surface-modified magnesium alloy material in heparinized graphene oxide and a chitosan solution, and then fully adsorbing, and obtaining the chitosan/heparinized graphene oxide composite multilayer film after drying. The surface modification of the medical magnesium alloy by adopting the method of the present invention can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the magnesium alloy to lay a foundation for the application of the magnesium alloy in the field of implantable medical devices such as vascular stents.

A composite resin comprising silver nanoparticles and a polymer where the silver nanoparticles are formed by reduction of silver ions by the functional groups of the polymer without the addition or application of an external reducing agent. The composite e resin has a low silver leach rate. The composite resin may be used as a surface coating, particularly an antimicrobial or antifouling surface coating.

An implantable device including a matrix and a zinc-containing layer at least partially covering the substrate. The zinc-containing layer includes a zinc compound. The ratio of the mass of the zinc element in the zinc-containing layer to the surface area of the implantable device is 0.1-200 g/mm2. The average porosity of the zinc-containing layer is 30% or less. By matching the ratio of the mass of zinc in the zinc-containing layer to the surface area of the implantable device with the average porosity of the zinc-containing layer, the release rate of zinc is controlled within a reasonable range so that the rate of formation of the zinc-containing substance is controlled such that the concentration of the zinc-containing substance accumulated in the tissue is higher than the concentration which inhibits the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and is always lower than the toxic concentration which causes cell death.

To provide a bioimplant capable of controlling a rate of an antibacterial agent and an antibiotic to be eluted from the coating film. An evanescent coating film made of a calcium phosphate-based material having crystallinity of 10% to 90% is formed at a predetermined area of the bioimplant and an antibacterial agent or an antibiotic is contained in the coating film to suppress adhesion of bacteria.

Electrodes comprising an electrode coated with a coating, the coating comprising a non-fibrotic material, wherein the non-fibrotic material comprises electrically conductive particles dispersed therein, are provided. The non-fibrotic material may comprise hydrogel lacking cell adhesion moieties. The hydrogel may comprise poly(ethylene) glycol. The electrically conductive particles may comprise gold. Such electrodes may provide electrical stimulation to tissues, while eliminating or reducing fibrosis of tissue coming into contact with the electrodes. Such electrodes may accomplish these ends without the use of drugs. Such electrodes may be useful in applications in which electrical stimulation of tissues is used, such as in cardiac pacemakers, neural stimulators, and muscle stimulators. Methods of making and of evaluating such electrodes are provided.

A biocompatible polymer hybrid nanocomposite coating on a surface of a substrate, such as titanium and its alloys. The coating can be achieved by an electrostatic spray coating, preferably using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as a matrix for the coating. For example, up to 2.95 wt. % carbon nanotubes can be used as reinforcement, as can up to 4.95 wt. % hydroxyapatite. A dispersion of CNTs and HA in the coating is substantially uniform. The tribological performance of such coatings include high hardness, improved scratch resistance, excellent wear resistance, and corrosion resistance compared to pure UHMWPE coatings.