A method of producing a freestanding ceramic tile. The method involves: grit-blasting a substrate using a grit size in the range from 36 to 220 mesh; depositing a release layer of carbon or graphite from 2 to 10 microns thick on the grit-blasted surface of the substrate; applying ceramic over the release layer until a desired thickness of ceramic is achieved to form a ceramic layer; heating the substrate, release layer, and ceramic layer to a temperature of from 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius; keeping the substrate, release layer, and ceramic layer at a temperature from 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius for a time from 10 to 20 minutes to remove the release layer; and cooling the substrate and ceramic layer at a rate of at least 200 degrees Celsius per minute, such that the ceramic layer separates from the substrate to produce a freestanding ceramic tile.

The present invention is a sintering method of a ceramic for sintering characterized by forming a layer containing a carbon powder on a surface of an article consisting of a ceramic for sintering, and then irradiating with laser a surface of the carbon powder-containing layer of a lamination obtained.

The present invention is a sintering method of a ceramic for sintering characterized by forming a layer containing a carbon powder on a surface of an article consisting of a ceramic for sintering, and then irradiating with laser a surface of the carbon powder-containing layer of a lamination obtained.

A sprayed article is prepared by thermally spraying ceramic particles of rare earth oxide or fluoride or metal particles of W, Mo or Ta onto an outer or inner surface of a cylindrical carbon substrate to form a sprayed coating, and burning out the carbon substrate, thus leaving the ceramic or metal-base sprayed coating of cylindrical shape having a wall thickness of 0.5-5 mm.

A sprayed article is prepared by thermally spraying ceramic particles of rare earth oxide or fluoride or metal particles of W, Mo or Ta onto an outer or inner surface of a cylindrical carbon substrate to form a sprayed coating, and burning out the carbon substrate, thus leaving the ceramic or metal-base sprayed coating of cylindrical shape having a wall thickness of 0.5-5 mm.

A process for forming an artificial reef includes forming a form having a geometric shape, applying at least one blockout onto a surface of the form such that the blockout extends outwardly of the surface of the form, applying a sprayable concrete over the form and over a portion of the blockout, curing the sprayable concrete on the form for a period of time so that the sprayable concrete adheres to the blockout, and removing the cured sprayable concrete and the adhered blockout together from the surface of the form. The sprayable concrete is applied over the form until the depth of the sprayable concrete is approximately equal to a depth of the blockout. The blockout is a cinder block.

A process for forming an artificial reef includes forming a form having a geometric shape, applying at least one blockout onto a surface of the form such that the blockout extends outwardly of the surface of the form, applying a sprayable concrete over the form and over a portion of the blockout, curing the sprayable concrete on the form for a period of time so that the sprayable concrete adheres to the blockout, and removing the cured sprayable concrete and the adhered blockout together from the surface of the form. The sprayable concrete is applied over the form until the depth of the sprayable concrete is approximately equal to a depth of the blockout. The blockout is a cinder block.

A sprayed article is prepared by thermally spraying ceramic particles of rare earth oxide or fluoride or metal particles of W, Mo or Ta onto an outer or inner surface of a cylindrical carbon substrate to form a sprayed coating, and burning out the carbon substrate, thus leaving the ceramic or metal-base sprayed coating of cylindrical shape having a wall thickness of 0.5-5 mm.

A sprayed article is prepared by thermally spraying ceramic particles of rare earth oxide or fluoride or metal particles of W, Mo or Ta onto an outer or inner surface of a cylindrical carbon substrate to form a sprayed coating, and burning out the carbon substrate, thus leaving the ceramic or metal-base sprayed coating of cylindrical shape having a wall thickness of 0.5-5 mm.

A dry construction composition is easily wet-sprayable by means of a screw pump, thus forming, after hardening, a durably mechanically resistant insulating material (<0.1 W.Math.m1.Math.K1). The composition contains: A at least one binder, itself including: A1 at least one main binder containing lime and/or at least one alumina source and/or at least one calcium sulfate source, preferably at least one alumina source, A2 at least one water-retaining agent, and A3 preferably at least one surfactant; and B at least one biosourced filler, preferably of plant origin. The ratio B/A (liters/kg) is between 2 and 9. The composition is intended to be mixed with water in a water/binder ratio A of no lower than 0.8. Also disclosed is a wet composition, the preparation thereof, to the binder A taken in isolation, and to a method of spraying the composition onto a horizontal or vertical substrate or by molding.