A joint structure includes a first material (1), a second material (2) weldable to the first material, and a third material (3) at least a portion of which being sandwiched between the first material and the second material, having a through opening portion at the sandwiched portion, and including a material that is difficult to be welded to both the first material and the second material, the first material and the second material welded the via through opening portion. At least one of the first material and the second material is provided with a protrusion (14) inserted in the through opening portion. A first gap (4) is provided between an inner peripheral surface of the through opening portion and the protrusion. A second gap (5) is provided between the first material and the second material, the second gap having a size depending on a plate thickness of the first material in a region corresponding to the protrusion. Under a condition in which the second gap has a size of greater than or equal to 0.1 mm but less than or equal to 40% of the plate thickness of the first material in the region, the first material and the second material are welded by emitting a laser beam from a side on which the first material is disposed.

The invention relates to a device and a method for producing three-dimensional shaped parts by means of a layer construction method on a construction field in a construction space of a device, wherein materials are supplied to and discharged from the construction space. A supplying and discharging of all materials is carried out in a spatial direction of the device.

A long-length film including a plurality of knurl portions shaped by continuous linear concavo-convex portions on at least one surface thereof, wherein the plurality of knurl portions are aligned in a lengthwise direction of the long-length film, a planar shape of the knurl portion seen from a thickness direction of the long-length film includes: 10 or more corners having a curvature radius of 0.3 mm or less and an angle of 100 or less or a curvature radius of 0.2 mm or less and an angle of 120 or less, per one planar shape of the knurl portion; and 18 or more straight portions having a straight shape, per one planar shape of the knurl portion.

A method for repairing a component constructed in multiple layers from a layer composite material comprises a step of removing material of the layer composite material of the component in the region of damage to the component in order to form a scarfed cutout, such that a scarfed peripheral contour formed from a plurality of layers of the component is formed. Furthermore, fiber-reinforced plastic strips, which exhibit a curable plastic material in an uncured state, are applied in layers in the cutout in order to create a replacement-structure semifinished product that is complementary to and butts against the scarfed peripheral contour of the component. In a further step, the curable plastic material contained in the fiber-reinforced plastic strips is cured in order to create a replacement structure and for joining the replacement structure to the component.

According to an example, in a method, a radiation source that is to output radiation at a preset energy level onto a surface of a three-dimensional (3D) printed object may be activated. In addition, the radiation source may be deactivated after a predefined period of time sufficient to cause an outer portion of about a predetermined thickness of the surface of the 3D printed object to begin to melt to finish the surface of the 3D printed object.

A joined article includes a first component having a laser-treated surface portion and a second component having a laser-treated surface portion. An adhesive joins the first component to the second component at the treated surface portion. A method of making a joined article form components and a system for making joined articles are also disclosed.

Various embodiments relate to plastic-metal junctions and methods of making the same via laser-assisted joining. The present invention provides a method of forming a junction between a metal form and a solid plastic. The method can include laser treating a surface of a metal form to generate a feature (e.g., a plurality of at least one of pores and grooves) in the surface of the metal, wherein the laser has an angle of incidence with the surface of the metal of other than 0 degrees. The method can include contacting the metal surface including the feature with a flowable resin composition. The method can include curing the flowable resin composition to form the solid plastic, to provide the junction between the metal form and the solid plastic.

In a groove-formed body, recesses and protrusions are formed in a resin plate by irradiating a laser. Each of four recesses extend from an intersection point thereof. When forming each of the recesses in the resin plate, a portion at the intersection point of the recesses is an irradiation stop position of the laser, and an amount of heat generated by the laser on the resin plate is decreased. This enables a protrusion to be suppressed from being formed on either side of the intersection point of the recesses, and enables a protrusion to be suppressed from being disposed between the portion of the recesses at the intersection point, and a portion other than at the intersection point.

A manufacturing method for a multilayer wiring board includes: forming a groove on a surface of a first thermoplastic resin board; forming a modified layer made of resin having a melting point lower than a melting point of resin constituting the first thermoplastic resin board, by applying light to a region of the surface of the first thermoplastic resin board other than a region around the groove; filling the groove of the first thermoplastic resin board with conductive material having fluidity; and bonding a second thermoplastic resin board to the surface of the first thermoplastic resin board, on which the modified layer is formed, by thermocompression bonding.

Techniques, systems, and arrangements are described herein which provide unique heat pipe fabrication techniques, whereby wettability of surfaces (hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity) of radio frequency (RF) compatible polymers may be modulated and controlled through a laser treatment. For example, using a femtosecond laser with a different dosage (a range of, for example, 50 J/cm.sup.2 to 100 J/cm.sup.2) in an evaporator portion of a heat pipe compared to the condenser portion of a heat pipe (a range of, for example, 25 J/cm.sup.2 to 45 J/cm.sup.2), polymers such as, for example, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based polymers, polysulfone (PSF) based polymers, azobenzene, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., may be chemically altered to have a different surface energy. Additionally, a different focus time of the femtosecond laser may be used in addition to, or instead of, the different dosages of laser energy.