An annular reinforcement structure is provided having an inner reinforcement band, an outer reinforcement band positioned around and concentric with the inner reinforcement band, and a cast-in-place polymer foam spacer, which maintains the spatial orientation of the inner and outer reinforcement bands. The annular reinforcement structure may be embedded in an elastomeric matrix material to provide stability, such as for belt for power transmission.

A heat-insulating wall of the present invention includes: wall bodies (2 and 3) whose hollow portion is a heat-insulating space (10); gas circulation ports (5 and 6) which are disposed on the wall body and through which the heat-insulating space communicates with the outside; an open-cell urethane foam (4) of a thermosetting urethane resin with which the heat-insulating space is filled by integral foaming; and sealing materials (50, 51, 55, 60, 61 and 62) for sealing the gas circulation port.

A surrogate multilayered material and manufacturing method thereof includes a first fiber reinforced layer, the first reinforced layer including a crosslinked polymer and fibers, and a second fiber reinforced layer, the second reinforced layer including the crosslinked polymer and the fibers. A foam layer is disposed between the first and second fiber reinforced layers. Opposite faces of the foam layer are in direct contact with the first fiber reinforced layer and the second fiber reinforced layer. The foam layer has a compressive strength of about 3.5 to about 4.5 MPa, when measured as per ASTM-D-1621-73, and a shear strength of 1.50 to about 2.15 MPa, when measured as per ASTM-C-273.

Provided are a porous structure and a method of fabricating the same. The porous structure may include an aluminum oxide containing at least one of fluorine and phenyl group. For example, the porous structure may be formed from alumina which contains fluorine or phenyl group. The method of fabricating the porous structure may include preparing an aluminum precursor including at least one of fluorine and phenyl group; providing a precursor solution by mixing the precursor with a solvent; and forming the porous structure having 3-dimensional network structure including the aluminum oxide containing the at least one of fluorine and phenyl group from the precursor solution through gelation.

The present disclosure relates to a polishing pad, a method for manufacturing the polishing pad, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using the polishing pad. The polishing pad increases the area in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate during the polishing process and can prevent defects occurring on the surface of the semiconductor substrate by forming a plurality of uniform pores in the polishing layer, thereby adjusting the surface roughness characteristics of the polishing surface of the polishing layer. Further, the present disclosure may provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the polishing pad is applied.

Non-extractable and fiber-free food oil removing film is a flexible with numerous open-cell of microporous structure used for removing oils from cooked food. The said plastic film is made from a mixture of polypropylene polymer, specific carbon atom olefin fillers and nucleating agent. The mixture is plasticized and formed into a tubular film substrate by a tubular blown film extruder, then following biaxial stretching by a specific isostatic pressurized hot water technique forming numerous of smooth, uniform, lipophilic, microporous structure that absorb and retain any kinds of oils from cooked foods. The film is applied in various forms varying to its applications such as sheet, perforated rolls, or laminated on other functional substrates to from a novel food packaging by lamination methods.

A polymer composition including a crosslinkable thermoplastic matrix, a crosslinking agent, a blowing agent, and at least one cell opener is provided. A method of producing an open cell polymer foam from the polymer composition is also provided. The method includes heating a foamable precursor under positive pressure to a temperature greater than a decomposition temperature of the crosslinking agent and below a decomposition temperature of the chemical blowing agent to produce a primary foam. Then, the method includes heating the primary foam to a temperature greater than the decomposition temperature of the chemical blowing agent and then allowing the primary foam to cool to a temperature below a softening temperature of the crosslinkable thermoplastic polymer to form the open cell polymer foam. The produced open cell polymer foam has an open cell content of at least 80% immediately following the step of allowing the primary foam to cool.

Described herein are methods and systems for forming composite stringer assemblies or, more specifically, for shaping composite charges while forming these stringer assemblies. A system comprises a bladder, having a bladder core, and a bladder skin. The bladder core is formed from foam. The bladder skin is formed from an elastic material and encloses the bladder core. When a composite stringer assembly is formed, the bladder is positioned over a charge base. The charge base later becomes a stringer base, such as a fuselage section or a wing skin. A charge hat is then positioned over the bladder and is conformed to the bladder. A combination of the bladder skin and the bladder core provides support during this forming operation and later while the stringer assembly is cured. In some examples, the bladder core is collapsible for the removal of the bladder from the cavity of the stringer assembly.

Methods and systems that can produce light weight reinforced thermoplastic articles are described. In some embodiments, a method includes heating and pressing a core layer and then cooling and pressing the core layer to maintain the thickness of the core layer during cooling. Automotive articles, building articles and recreational vehicle articles that can be produced using the methods and systems are also described.