Aspects of the present disclosure provide methods, apparatuses, and systems for closed-loop sleep protection and/or sleep regulation. According to an aspect, sleep disturbing noises are predicted and a biosignal parameter is measured to dynamically mask predicted disturbing environmental noises in the sleeping environment with active attenuation. Environmental noises in a sleeping environment of a subject are detected, input, or predicted based on historical data of the sleeping environment collected over a period of time. The biosignal parameter is used to determine sleep physiology of a subject. Based on the environmental noises in the sleeping environment and the determined sleep physiology, the noises are predicted to be disturbing or non-disturbing noises. For predicted disturbing noises, one or more actions are taken to regulate sleep and avoid sleep disruption by using sound masking prior to or concurrently with the occurrence of the predicted disturbing noises.

An inline muffler for use with a positive airway pressure (PAP) apparatus. The muffler may provide an expansion chamber with baffles that capture acoustic energy using, for instance, a disruptive gas flow path to effectively reduce downstream noise associated with a flow of pressurized gas produced by the PAP apparatus. In some embodiments, the muffler is constructed of two mostly identical halves with baffle segments being integrally formed therewith.

A patient interface is disclosed that includes: a plenum chamber pressurisable to a therapeutic pressure; a seal-forming structure joined to the plenum chamber and comprising a nasal portion, an oral portion, and at least one hole configured to deliver a flow of air at said therapeutic pressure to at least the patients nares in use, the seal-forming structure constructed and arranged to maintain said therapeutic pressure in the plenum chamber throughout the patients respiratory cycle in use; a vent comprising a plurality of holes configured to allow a continuous vent flow from an interior of the plenum chamber to ambient; a positioning and stabilising structure comprising at least one tie and being configured to hold the seal-forming structure in a therapeutically effective position on the patient's head in use; and a textile portion configured to contact the patients face.

Methods and apparatus provide automated circuit disconnection monitoring such as for a respiratory apparatus or system. Disconnection of a patient circuit, including a patient interface and air delivery circuit, may be detected and a message or alarm activated. In some versions, detecting occurrences of circuit disconnection event(s), such as by a processor, may be based on an instantaneous disconnection parameter as a function of a disconnection setting. The disconnection setting may be determined based on patient circuit type. The instantaneous disconnection parameter may be determined from detected pressure and flow rate, and may be, for example, a conductance value or an impedance value. Disconnection events may be qualified by one or more detected respiratory indicators. In some cases, instantaneous impedance or conductance may be used to assess re-connection of a patient circuit, detection of flow starvation, determine breath shape for triggering and cycling and to detect patient or circuit obstructions.

A pump device includes a rotary motor, a compartment for insertion of a disposable pump part, and one or more pulsation-reduction elements. The disposable pump part includes an input port, an output port, and a dual-action reciprocating assembly. The input port is configured for intaking fluid. The output port is configured for outputting the fluid. The dual-action reciprocating assembly is configured for pumping the fluid. The assembly includes a single piston and a rod configured to be coupled to the rotary motor, so as to drive the piston. The one or more pulsation-reduction elements are configured to reduce a pulsation in the outputted fluid, caused by the single-piston dual-action reciprocating assembly.

A lightweight impeller is provided for use in a pressurised gas source for a CPAP or other breathing assistance apparatus. The impeller can be shroudless or otherwise lightweight.

A patient interface includes a cushion configured to sealingly engage the patient's face, a support structure configured to support the cushion, the support structure being more rigid than the cushion, a plenum chamber formed at least in part by the cushion, and a connector configured to convey the pressurized respiratory gas to the plenum chamber. The connector includes a first portion formed from a first material and adapted to removably connect to the support structure. A plurality of vent holes are formed on the first portion. The connector also includes a continuous flexible portion that is formed from a second material, is more flexible than the first portion, and is configured to flex to permit engagement and disengagement of the first portion. The continuous flexible portion comprises a pair of opposing release buttons that are configured to be inwardly flexed to allow release of the connector from the support structure.

A nasal interface uses asymmetrical nasal delivery elements to deliver an asymmetrical flow through the interface to both nares or to either nare, and a mouthpiece may be inserted to maintain a leak, to improve dead space clearance in the upper airways, decrease peak expiratory pressure, reduce noise, increase safety of the therapy for smaller patients and reduce resistance in the interface allowing desired flow rates to be achieved at reduced motor speeds of associated flow generating devices. Different forms of fittings, such as sleeves or inserts can be attached to nasal delivery elements to improve or optimize the therapeutic effects of nasal high flow. It may allow high pressures to be achieved at lower flow rates, reduce noise, improve patient comfort and efficiently clear anatomical dead space.

A mobile negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) device is described having an inlet; a canister in fluid flow connection with the inlet; a pump having a pump casing with a pump inlet in fluid flow connection with the canister in the canister, and a pump outlet for output of air transported through the pump; an elastomeric jacket at least partly enclosing the pump, the elastomeric jacket being configured to define a flow channel having a first end arranged to receive air output by the pump outlet and a second end spaced apart from the first end for discharging the air output by the pump outlet following passage through the flow channel; a control unit for controlling operation of the mobile NPWT device; a battery arrangement for powering the mobile NPWT device; and a housing enclosing at least the pump, the elastomeric jacket, the control unit, and the battery arrangement.

A head-mountable flow generator is configured to deliver a flow of breathable gas at a continuously positive pressure with respect to ambient air pressure to a patient interface in communication with an entrance to a patient's airways including at least an entrance of the patient's nares, while the patient is sleeping, to ameliorate sleep disordered breathing. The flow generator includes a motor, an impeller assembly and housing that encases the motor and the impeller assembly. The housing is configured to be mounted on the patient's head and comprises an inlet to receive the flow of breathable gas and a pair of opposing outlets to deliver the flow of breathable gas. In addition, the impeller assembly is configured to pressurize the flow of breathable gas received from the inlet, and the housing is configured to convey the pressurized flow of breathable gas through both outlets.