The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising fixed dose combinations of a DPP-4 inhibitor drug and/or a SGLT-2 inhibitor drug, and metformin XR, processes for the preparation thereof, and their use to treat certain diseases.

The present invention relates to novel antibodies and fragments thereof that binds cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor. The antibodies and fragments thereof as disclosed herein include humanized antibodies that bind CB1 receptor. The invention also includes uses of the antibodies for treating a disease or disorder responsive to antagonism or agonism of the CB1 receptor.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising as an active ingredient a strain having excellent ability to produce formic acid for preventing or treating obesity or metabolic syndromes caused by obesity; and to a food composition and a health functional food each comprising the active ingredient. The strain having excellent ability to produce formic acid according to the present invention not only has effects of reducing body weight and inhibiting fat accumulation in organs, but also has activity to effectively lower blood triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and therefore, the composition comprising the strain as an active ingredient can be favorably used as a composition capable of preventing/alleviating or treating obesity or metabolic syndromes caused by obesity. Therefore, the strain having excellent ability to produce formic acid according to the present invention can be favorably used as a material for a medical product or health food.

A peptide for regulating fat metabolism is described. The peptide is selected from the group consisting of: YLGASVPSPDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 1); YLNNGLGAPAPYPDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 4); PDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 14); and PSPDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 16).

A peptide for regulating fat metabolism is described. The peptide is selected from the group consisting of: YLGASVPSPDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 1); YLNNGLGAPAPYPDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 4); PDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 14); and PSPDPLEP (SEQ ID NO: 16).

Various methods and compositions for treating age-associated conditions and other medical conditions, such as muscle diseases, type 2 diabetes, and/or obesity are described. Methods of enhancing cellular uptake of NMN and stimulating NAD+ production are further described. Various mammalian cells and mammalian cell lines are described including those comprising a cDNA encoding a Slc12a8 protein. Gene therapy vectors comprising a nucleic acid encoding Slc12a8 and non-human animals comprising an inactivating mutation in a Slc12a8 gene are also disclosed. Also described are methods for screening a candidate compound to identify compounds that promote NMN transport.

Various methods and compositions for treating age-associated conditions and other medical conditions, such as muscle diseases, type 2 diabetes, and/or obesity are described. Methods of enhancing cellular uptake of NMN and stimulating NAD+ production are further described. Various mammalian cells and mammalian cell lines are described including those comprising a cDNA encoding a Slc12a8 protein. Gene therapy vectors comprising a nucleic acid encoding Slc12a8 and non-human animals comprising an inactivating mutation in a Slc12a8 gene are also disclosed. Also described are methods for screening a candidate compound to identify compounds that promote NMN transport.

The present disclosure is directed to a peptide of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and uses thereof: R.sup.1—C—R—X.sup.1—X.sup.2—P—X.sup.3—X.sup.4—X.sup.5—X.sup.6—C—R.sup.2 (I) wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.3, X.sup.5, and X.sup.6 is an amino acid residue selected from the group consisting of serine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and glycine; X.sup.2 is alanine, arginine or lysine; X.sup.4 is glutamic acid or aspartic acid; R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of S, HS, GHS, PGHS, APGHS, EAPGHS, SEAPGHS, SSEAPGHS, PSSEAPGHS, DPSSEAPGHS and IDPSSEAPGHS, or R.sup.1 is absent; and R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of S, SS, SSK, SSKF, SSKFS, SSKFSW, SSKFSWD, SSKFSWDE, SSKFSWDEY, SSKFSWDEYE, SSKFSWDEYEQ, SSKFSWDEYEQY, SSKFSWDEYEQYK, SSKFSWDEYEQYKK, SSKFSWDEYEQYKKE, or R.sup.2 is absent; and wherein the peptide of formula (I), or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is a cyclic peptide formed by a disulphide bond between the two cysteine residues.

The invention provides methods for reducing the percentage of body fat, increasing the level of adiponectin, and/or treating or reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Such methods include administering to an animal or human sufficient levels of a compound comprising a tri blend of HPMC (K15, K100, and K200) and myristic fatty acid.

The invention provides methods for reducing the percentage of body fat, increasing the level of adiponectin, and/or treating or reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Such methods include administering to an animal or human sufficient levels of a compound comprising a tri blend of HPMC (K15, K100, and K200) and myristic fatty acid.