Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment or prevention of diseases and conditions associated with or characterized by at least one of xerostomia and periodontal disease by modulation of the nitric oxide synthase pathway are provided, as are animal models and drug screening methods. Such modulation may be achieved by the administration of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH.sub.4) or its prodrugs and/or salts. Treating and preventing xerostomia can have the downstream effect of also preventing periodontitis, dental caries, parotid gland enlargement, inflammation and fissuring of the lips (chelitis), inflammation or ulcers of the tongue and buccal mucosa, oral candidiasis, salivary gland infection (sialadenitis), halitosis, and cracking and fissuring of oral mucosa.

The present invention relates the field of preservation of functional pancreatic islet and treatment of diabetes, particularly to the use of peptides comprising analogues, particularly retro-analogues of VDAC1-derived peptides, for treating diabetes.

A composition containing enzymes, L-arginine, and other components for treating exocrine pancreatic enzyme insufficiencies and gastrointestinal disorders in mammals. The compositions replace pancreatic enzymes while concurrently treating the side effects of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and gastrointestinal mucosal degeneration that occurs with pancreatic enzyme loss. The composition can be mixed into animal feeds or sprayed onto extruded feeds prior to consumption.

A composition containing enzymes, L-arginine, and other components for treating exocrine pancreatic enzyme insufficiencies and gastrointestinal disorders in mammals. The compositions replace pancreatic enzymes while concurrently treating the side effects of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and gastrointestinal mucosal degeneration that occurs with pancreatic enzyme loss. The composition can be mixed into animal feeds or sprayed onto extruded feeds prior to consumption.

This invention relates to the administration of analogs of human amylin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Methods described herein augment insulin injection or infusion therapy with separate and continuous co-administration of an amylin analog at a therapeutically effective dose of at least 5 mg per kilogram per day or at a therapeutically effective dose that is equivalent to at least ED70 dose of the amylin analog, as defined herein.

Proteins that bind IL-1α and IL-1β are described along with their use in compositions and methods for treating, preventing, and diagnosing IL-1-related disorders and for detecting IL-1α and IL-1β in cells, tissues, samples, and compositions.

The present disclosure provides compositions comprising sodium phosphate for the prevention and treatment of pancreatitis and methods of using same.

Disclosed herein are methods, compositions, kits, and agents useful for inducing β cell maturation, and isolated populations of SC-β cells for use in various applications, such as cell therapy.

Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a population of human insulin producing cells from non-pancreatic β-cells, wherein the resulting insulin producing cells have increased insulin content, or increased glucose regulated secretion of insulin, or a combination of both.

The present invention relates to peroxiredoxin 6 or a synthetic analogue thereof for use as a hypoglycaemic agent, for example in the treatment of diabetes, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus.