The present invention is directed to inhibitors of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), pharmaceutical compositions comprising such GSNOR inhibitors, and methods of making and using the same.

A non-invasive electrical stimulator shapes an elongated electric field of effect that can be oriented parallel to a long nerve, such as a vagus nerve in a patient's neck, producing a desired physiological response in the patient. The stimulator comprises a source of electrical power, at least one electrode and a continuous electrically conducting medium in contact with the electrodes. The conducting medium is also in contact with an interface element that may conform to the contour of a target body surface of the patient when the interface element is applied to that surface. When the interface element is made of insulating (dielectric) material, and disclosed stimulation waveforms are used, the power source need not supply high voltage, in order to capacitively stimulate the target nerve. The stimulator produces a peak pulse that is sufficient to produce a physiologically effective electric field in the vicinity of a target nerve.

Described herein is the finding that hyaluronan antagonists that inhibit hyaluronan signaling are capable of inhibiting airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The present disclosure provides a method of preventing or reducing AHR in a subject suffering from or at risk for AHR by administering a hyaluronan antagonist. Also provided is a method of treating an airway disease or disorder in a subject by administering a hyaluronan antagonist. Hyaluronan antagonists include, for example, heparosan and hyaluronan oligosaccharides (oHAs). In some embodiments, the hyaluronan antagonist is administered locally to the airway, such as with an inhaler or nebulizer.

This invention provides compounds of formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein a, b, c, d, m, n, p, s, t, W, Ar.sup.1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are as defined in the specification. The compounds of formula I are muscarinic receptor antagonists. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds and methods of using such compounds to treat pulmonary disorders.

The present invention relates to a sterile pharmaceutical composition comprising tiotropium or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for inhalation via nebulization to a subject (e.g. a human). The invention also relates to a process for preparing the pharmaceutical composition and its use in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a subject.

The present invention provides a compound of formula I: (I) a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition. ##STR00001##

The present invention is related to the preparation and pharmaceutical use of substituted 3-haloallylamine derivatives as SSAO/VAP-1 inhibitors having the structure of Formula I, as defined in the specification: ##STR00001##
The invention also relates to methods of using compounds of Formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivatives thereof, for the treatment of a variety of indications, e.g., inflammatory diseases, ocular diseases, fibrotic diseases, diabetes-induced diseases and cancer.

The present invention relates to a compound formula (I): ##STR00001##
and to salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 X, and Y have any of the values defined herein, and compositions and uses thereof. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of CBP and/or EP300. Also included are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods of using such compounds and salts in the treatment of various CBP and/or EP300-mediated disorders.

The present invention relates to sodium channel blockers. The present invention also includes a variety of methods of treatment using these inventive sodium channel blockers.

Compounds, methods of use, and processes for making inhibitors of Complement Factor B are provided.