The present invention relates to selective inhibitors of PI3K delta protein kinases, methods of preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and methods of treatment and/or prevention of kinase mediated diseases or disorders with them.

This application is directed to the use of aminosteroid compounds for the selective inhibition of the enzyme PTP1B in a mammal for the treatment of diabetes.

The present disclosure provides inhibitors of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) having a structure according to the following formula:

##STR00001##

or a salt or solvate thereof, wherein ring A, C.sup.a, C.sup.b, Z, R.sup.5, W and Cy are defined herein. The disclosure further provides pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds of the present disclosure and methods of making and using the compounds and compositions of the present disclosure, e.g., in the treatment and prevention of various disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Compounds that inhibit PI3K activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K activity, are disclosed. Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation in which PI3K plays a role in leukocyte function, using the compounds also are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to methods of treating, ameliorating or preventing a disorder comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a protein which inhibits the ligand of Uniprot #P05112 and/or the ligand of Uniprot #P35225 from binding to their respective receptors to a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the disorder is preferably associated with an increase of the Th2 immune response. In some embodiments, administration is preferably locally to the lung in order to treat, ameliorate or prevent allergic asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, lung fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis or adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Sodium channel blockers represented by the formula: ##STR00001##
are provided where the structural variables are defined herein. The invention also includes a variety of compositions, combinations and methods of treatment using these inventive sodium channel blockers.

The compounds of formula (I) are inhibitors of SSAO activity

##STR00001##

wherein V, W, X, Y, Z, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined in the claims.

5-HT receptor agonists are useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Provided herein are methods of treating and/or reducing the occurrence of respiratory depression caused by an opioid in a human patient or patient population using a 5-HT receptor agonist, such as, for example, a 5-HT4 agonist (e.g., fenfluramine). Methods of stimulating one or more 5-HT.sub.4 receptors in the brain of a patient undergoing treatment with an opioid, wherein the patient is at risk of respiratory depression, by administering a 5-HT4 agonist (e.g., fenfluramine) to a subject in need thereof are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions for use in practicing the subject methods are also provided.

Proteins that bind IL-1 and IL-1 are described along with their use in compositions and methods for treating, preventing, and diagnosing IL-1-related disorders and for detecting IL-1 and IL-1 in cells, tissues, samples, and compositions.

The present invention is directed respirable, dry powder particle formulations of lung surfactants that optionally comprise surfactant proteins and that are formulated for delivery to the pulmonary system via inhalation.