Compositions for the treatment of some orphan diseases and oral mucosal ulcers, many with similarities in terms of their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, but also multiple differences in their observed abilities that can be combined to challenge the current, underlying pathophysiology. The orphan diseases of interest are Dupuytren's Contracture, Peyronie's Disease, Scleroderma, Raynaud's (or Renaud's) Phenomenon, chemotherapy/radiation induced oral mucosal ulceration, and aphthous ulcers; and more frequent skin issues of skin damage from cuts, abrasions, and burns; aging skin changes, and toe nail fungus. These can be treated with the disclosed compositions with the proper combination and alteration of ingredients inclusive of alpha-pinene, an aloe vera preparation, and a shea butter preparation. A process for preparation of such ingredients in a water-in-oil emulsion is described herein.

Use of PRMT5 inhibitors such as and including (1S,2S,3S,5R)-3-((6-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-8-yl) oxy)-5-(4-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)cyclopentane-1,2-diol:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to treat psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis and other autoimmune conditions or disorders.

Methods for the use of prodrugs of itaconic acid and 1- and 4-methyl itaconic acid for inducing hair growth and treating an inflammatory, or immune activation (adaptive or innate), skin condition or other condition associated with hair loss are disclosed.

Methods for the use of prodrugs of itaconic acid and 1- and 4-methyl itaconic acid for inducing hair growth and treating an inflammatory, or immune activation (adaptive or innate), skin condition or other condition associated with hair loss are disclosed.

Provided is a method of alleviating or treating hair loss, or promoting hair growth by administering to a subject in need thereof composition comprising an active ingredient for preventing hair loss and inducing new hair growth or hair regrowth promotion by reducing the transition period from a telogen stage to an anagen stage in the hair growth cycle, and thereby exhibiting excellent effects of preventing hair loss and promoting hair regrowth by delaying conversion to a catagen stage.

According to the present invention, a composition that has high safety, can be continuously used for a long period, promotes production of VEGF and FGF7 involved in hair growth, and affords good prophylactic or improving effect on thinning hair or hair loss can be provided. The present invention relates to a composition for promoting hair thickening, containing one or more members selected from the group consisting of citrulline, tryptophan, glutamine, and ornithine, a composition for maintaining the anagen phase in the hair cycle and a composition for promoting VEGF production, each containing one or more members selected from the group consisting of citrulline, tryptophan, and glutamine, a composition for promoting transition from the telogen phase to the anagen phase in the hair cycle and a composition for promoting FGF7 production, each containing ornithine, and a composition for promoting normalization of the hair cycle, containing one or more members selected from the group consisting of citrulline, tryptophan, glutamine, and ornithine.

Provided is a method for enhancing hair growth through modulating a hair follicle cycle in a subject in need thereof. The method includes inhibition of casein kinase 1α in an area of skin in the subject. Also provided is a method for increasing hair pigmentation in a subject in need thereof.

Provided is a method for enhancing hair growth through modulating a hair follicle cycle in a subject in need thereof. The method includes inhibition of casein kinase 1α in an area of skin in the subject. Also provided is a method for increasing hair pigmentation in a subject in need thereof.

The present disclosure relates to methods for increasing telomere length in one or more human cells and/or increasing genome stability of one or more human cells, for example by contacting one or more human cells with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 in the one or more human cells. Methods of treating a subject in need of telomere lengthening, treating a disease or condition associated with a genomic and/or chromosome abnormality, of rejuvenating one or more human cells, of rejuvenating tissues or organs, and of rejuvenating a subject in need thereof, for example by contacting one or more human cells in the subject with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4, or by administering to a subject in need thereof, an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 are also provided.

This disclosure provides, inter alia, systems and methods for testing products for ammonia oxidizing bacteria, quality control, and providing products with ammonia oxidizing bacteria. The systems and methods herein may be used, inter alia, to treat diseases associated with low nitrite levels, skin diseases, and diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.