The disclosure provides polymers and compositions thereof, as well as methods for preparing such polymers and compositions. Also provided is a method of using the polymers or compositions thereof for binding uric acid or precursor thereof, and/or for treating hyperuricemia, gout, and/or diseases caused by hyperuricemia.

The present disclosure provides orally deliverable pharmaceutical compositions comprising DGLA and to methods of using same to treat a variety of conditions and disorders.

This disclosure relates to compositions and methods for recruiting brown adipocytes in vitro and in vivo from brown adipocyte progenitor cells found in human skeletal muscle. Methods for treating metabolic disease are also provided. Additionally, methods for treating hypothermia are provided. In some embodiments, the brown adipocyte recruiter is a human protein or peptide. In other embodiments the brown adipocyte recruiter may be a non-human protein or peptide. In still other embodiments, the brown adipocyte recruiter is a small molecule or natural product.

Disclosed are the preparing method of a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin compound and a drug composition, and in particular the method of the pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin compounds as shown in formulae (I) to (XVI) in the preparation of a drug for preventing or treating a disease mediated by AMPK and/or ERRα, comprising the preparation of a drug for preventing or treating diseases such as a liver disease, respiratory system disease, metabolic disease, autoimmune disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, kidney disease, central nervous system disease or muscular dystrophy. The definition of formulae (I) to (XVI) is the same as the definition in the specification.

##STR00001## ##STR00002## ##STR00003## ##STR00004##

The present invention is directed to antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof having binding specificity for PACAP. The antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof comprise the sequences of the V.sub.H, V.sub.L, and CDR polypeptides described herein, and the polynucleotides encoding them. Antibodies and antigen binding fragments described herein bind to and/or compete for binding to the same linear or conformational epitope(s) on human PACAP as an anti-PACAP antibody. The invention contemplates conjugates of anti-PACAP antibodies and binding fragments thereof conjugated to one or more functional or detectable moieties. Methods of making said anti-PACAP antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof are also contemplated. Other embodiments of the invention contemplate using anti-PACAP antibodies, and binding fragments thereof, for the diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of diseases and disorders associated with PACAP and conditions where antagonism of PACAP-related activities, such as vasodilation, photophobia, mast cell degranulation, and/or neuronal activation, would be therapeutically beneficial.

In one aspect, compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are featured: Formulae (I) and (II), wherein the variables shown in Formulae (I) and (II) can be as defined anywhere herein. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are substituted 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes as ketohexokinase inhibitors, processes to make said compounds, and methods comprising administering said compounds to a mammal in need thereof.

The present invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry. Specifically disclosed is a class of URAT1 inhibitors for promoting uric acid excretion, which are compounds as represented by the structure of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Experiments show that the compounds provided by the present invention have a very good inhibitory effect on the transport of uric acid by hURAT1 in HEK293 transfected cells, and that such compounds have a good application prospect in the treatment of hyperuricemia or gout. ##STR00001##

The present invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry. Specifically disclosed is a class of URAT1 inhibitors for promoting uric acid excretion, which are compounds as represented by the structure of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Experiments show that the compounds provided by the present invention have a very good inhibitory effect on the transport of uric acid by hURAT1 in HEK293 transfected cells, and that such compounds have a good application prospect in the treatment of hyperuricemia or gout. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are Heteroaryl Compounds having the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1-R.sup.4 are as defined herein, compositions comprising an effective amount of a Heteroaryl Compound and methods for treating or preventing cancer, inflammatory conditions, immunological conditions, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, obesity, neurological disorders, age-related diseases, or cardiovascular conditions, comprising administering an effective amount of a Heteroaryl Compound to a patient in need thereof.