The invention provides anti-cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) antibodies and methods of using the same.

The invention utilizes virtual screening strategy to seek for current market drugs as anti-schizophrenia therapy drug repurposing. Drug repurposing strategy finds new uses other than the original medical indications of existing drugs. Finding new indications for such drugs will benefit patients who are in needs for a potential new therapy sooner since known drugs are usually with acceptable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. In this study, repurposing marketed drugs for DAAO inhibitor as new schizophrenia therapy was performed with virtual screening on marketed drugs and its metabolites. The identified and available drugs and compounds were further confirmed with in vitro DAAO enzymatic inhibitory assay.

The present invention provides monovalent antibodies with a long half-life when administered in vivo, methods of making such monovalent antibodies, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such antibodies, and uses of the monovalent antibodies.

New compounds of formula I are described:

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The compounds have potentially valuable pharmaceutical properties in the treatment of some central and peripheral nervous system disorders.

The present invention describes novel nanoparticle compositions, and systems and methods utilizing them for treating disorders and/or conditions. Methods generally involve administering nanoparticle compositions (e.g., nanoparticle compositions comprising at least one known therapeutic agent and/or independently active biologically active agent; and/or empty nanoparticle compositions) to a subject in need thereof.

The invention relates to formulations and methods of using formulations of topical preparation of diaminophenothiazine compounds such as 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride in the prevention and/or treatment of peripheral neuropathy and its associated conditions, particularly in the eye. In a preferred embodiment, a topical formulation comprising 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride encapsulate in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles is prepared, wherein the microparticles are coated with a mucoadhesive agent such as chitosan.

The invention relates to formulations and methods of using formulations of topical preparation of diaminophenothiazine compounds such as 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride in the prevention and/or treatment of peripheral neuropathy and its associated conditions, particularly in the eye. In a preferred embodiment, a topical formulation comprising 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride encapsulate in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles is prepared, wherein the microparticles are coated with a mucoadhesive agent such as chitosan.

Described herein is a method for forming multi-layer drug dosage forms having at least two layers. In the method, a first formulation comprising a non-gelling matrix forming agent and having a first density is dosed into a preformed mold. A second formulation comprising a non-gelling matrix former and having a second density not equal to the first density is subsequently dosed into the preformed mold. Then, the combination of the formulations dosed into the mold is freeze dried to form the multi-layer dosage form having at least two layers. The use of a density difference between the first and second formulations ensures formation of a product with two distinct layers.

Therapeutic compositions comprising one or more agents that inhibit CXXC5-DVL interface and/or that enhance the activity of GLP-1, and methods of administering those therapeutic compositions to model, treat, reduce resistance to treatment, prevent and diagnose a condition/disease associated with neurodegenerative diseases or a related clinical condition thereof, are disclosed.

Methods of treating a subject having or at risk of developing a neurodegenerative disease or condition associated with demyelination, insufficient myelination, or underdevelopment of myelin sheath are described. The methods include administration of a therapeutically effective amount of sobetirome, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.