The disclosures herein relate to novel compounds of formula ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 and n are defined herein, and their use in treating, preventing, ameliorating, controlling or reducing the risk of inflammation, neurological or psychiatric disorders associated with modulating mGlu5 receptor function.

The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, improving or treating a mental disorder, the composition containing a Lactobacillus sp. bacteria-derived vesicle as an active ingredient. The present inventors have confirmed that, when a Lactobacillus sp. bacteria-derived vesicle is administered to a stress and depression animal model, resistance to stress efficiently increases, and an effect of treating chronically persisting long-term depression behavior is exhibited, and thus the Lactobacillus sp. bacteria-derived vesicle, according to the present invention, is expected to be capable of being usefully employed in developing a medicine or a functional health food, etc., for preventing, reducing the symptoms of or treating a mental disorder such as stress, anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, depression, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia.

The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, improving or treating a mental disorder, the composition containing a Lactobacillus sp. bacteria-derived vesicle as an active ingredient. The present inventors have confirmed that, when a Lactobacillus sp. bacteria-derived vesicle is administered to a stress and depression animal model, resistance to stress efficiently increases, and an effect of treating chronically persisting long-term depression behavior is exhibited, and thus the Lactobacillus sp. bacteria-derived vesicle, according to the present invention, is expected to be capable of being usefully employed in developing a medicine or a functional health food, etc., for preventing, reducing the symptoms of or treating a mental disorder such as stress, anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, depression, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia.

The present invention provides a maleate, phosphate, sulfate, hydrochloride of a cyclohexane derivative, N′-[trans-4-[2-[7-(benzo[b]thiophene)-7-piperazinyl]ethyl]cyclohexyl]-N,N-dimethylurea, as shown in Formula I and crystal forms thereof. The crystal forms have low hygroscopicity and good stability and are convenient for long-term storage and transportation; or the crystal forms have a long half-life in vivo, high bioavailability and small individual difference, and thus have obvious clinical application advantages.

Described herein are neuroactive steroids of the Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein -------, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, A and L are as defined herein. Such compounds are envisioned, in certain embodiments, to behave as GABA modulators. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the present invention and methods of use and treatment, e.g., such for inducing sedation and/or anesthesia. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel dopamine D2 receptor ligands. The invention further relates to functionally-biased dopamine D2 receptor ligands and the use of these compounds for treating or preventing central nervous system and systemic disorders associated with dysregulation of dopaminergic activity.

The present invention relates to novel dopamine D2 receptor ligands. The invention further relates to functionally-biased dopamine D2 receptor ligands and the use of these compounds for treating or preventing central nervous system and systemic disorders associated with dysregulation of dopaminergic activity.

The present invention relates to a brain delivery protein, comprising a target binding antibody which binds to a target in a mammalian brain; two carrier moieties, each of which being capable of monovalent interaction with a protein expressed on a blood brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cell, wherein each of said carrier moieties is linked to a C-terminal end of the target binding antibody. The present invention moreover relates to use of such brain delivery proteins in therapy or diagnosis or for research of e.g. neurodegenerative disorders, and other brain diseases.

The present invention relates to a brain delivery protein, comprising a target binding antibody which binds to a target in a mammalian brain; two carrier moieties, each of which being capable of monovalent interaction with a protein expressed on a blood brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cell, wherein each of said carrier moieties is linked to a C-terminal end of the target binding antibody. The present invention moreover relates to use of such brain delivery proteins in therapy or diagnosis or for research of e.g. neurodegenerative disorders, and other brain diseases.

The present invention relates to a risperidone sustained release delivery system for treatment of medical conditions relating to delusional psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, psychotic depression, obsessive-compulsion disorder, Tourette syndrome, and autistic spectrum disorders. The sustained release delivery system includes a flowable composition containing risperidone, a metabolite, or a prodrug thereof and an implant containing risperidone, a metabolite, or a prodrug thereof. The flowable composition may be infected into tissue whereupon it coagulates to become a solid or gel, monolithic implant. The flowable composition includes a biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer, an organic liquid, and risperidone, a metabolite or a prodrug thereof.