The invention relates to a multilayer structure (2) intended to be inserted in an identification document and comprising:—at least one first layer (4) at least partially opaque forming a data area (6), the first layer (4) comprising at least one through opening (8) integrally confined by at least partially opaque material of the first layer (4), and—a second layer (10) at least partially transparent extending at least partially on the data area (6) in order to extend into the through opening (8), the second layer (10) comprising a part extending beyond the first layer (4) and forming an edge part (12), the second layer (10) comprising at least one element forming a security element, the security element being present and/or visible on and/or in the edge part (12) and in the through opening (8) of the first layer (4).

A 3D physical unclonable functions (PUF) system produced based on harnessing the out-of-plane crumpling of a layer of 2D material during shrinkage of a substrate carrying such layer. The structural details of the so-formed 3D PUF pattern are extracted from the tags in a layer-by-layer fashion using confocal laser microscopy imaging and then reconstructed to form the 3D PUF keys and stored in the database, serving as a secure anti-counterfeiting PUF that demonstrates encoding capacity in excess of 10.sup.40,000,000. Authentication is performed with a customized trained Siamese neural network framework in a matter of few minutes in a fashion that does not depend on rotation, linear translation, tilt, variations of contrast and/or resolution of the extracted optical images.

Example embodiments of information-shielding cards and systems and methods of fabricating the same are provided. An information-shielding card can comprising a substrate comprising a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, a chip embedded in the second layer, and a quick-response (QR) code formed on the second layer. The second layer can be disposed between the first layer and the third layer. The first layer can comprise a first material that is transparent when exposed to a non-visible light, the second layer can comprise a second material that is opaque when exposed to visible light and when exposed to non-visible light, and the third layer comprises a third material that is transparent when exposed to a non-visible light.

A method of inspecting a substantially transparent light control layer for an optically variable security device and a corresponding inspection apparatus, the substantially transparent light control layer including a surface relief defined by an array of substantially transparent refractive microstructures. The method includes: directing a beam of substantially collimated light towards a first region that is expected to contain the surface relief of the light control layer so as to generate an inspection light pattern; providing reference data that is indicative of a light control layer that meets a predetermined quality threshold; comparing the inspection light pattern with the reference data; and determining whether the light control layer meets the predetermined quality threshold based on the comparison.

A method of inspecting a substantially transparent light control layer for an optically variable security device and a corresponding inspection apparatus, the substantially transparent light control layer including a surface relief defined by an array of substantially transparent refractive microstructures. The method includes: directing a beam of substantially collimated light towards a first region that is expected to contain the surface relief of the light control layer so as to generate an inspection light pattern; providing reference data that is indicative of a light control layer that meets a predetermined quality threshold; comparing the inspection light pattern with the reference data; and determining whether the light control layer meets the predetermined quality threshold based on the comparison.

A micro-optic device, including: a substrate; a plurality of image elements; and a plurality of focusing elements, each focusing element focuses light towards, or causes light to be diverged from or constructively interfere at a real or imaginary focal point, the focusing elements causing the image elements to be sampled so as to project imagery which is observable to a user from at least a first viewing angle, wherein a first focusing structure including at least a first group of the focusing elements and a first imagery structure including at least a first group of the image elements are integrated into a first unitary structure on a first side of the substrate.

The invention relates to a card, in particular a chip card, including a computing unit for managing electronic coin data records, the electronic coin data records being issued by a central entity, and a card body with visible data and at least one visible feature. The central entity is at the same time the issuer or administrator of a series of banknotes and the at least one visible feature identifies the card as part of the series of banknotes to an observer. In addition, a method for producing such a card is also proposed.

The present invention relates to an optically variable security element for securing valuable articles, having a substrate having opposing first and second main surfaces and, arranged on the first main surface, an optically variable pattern that comprises an embossing pattern and a coating. The coating comprises at least one imprinted line grid and a background layer that contrasts with the line grid. The embossing pattern comprises a two-dimensional grid of elevated and/or depressed embossing elements. Both are combined in such a way that substantially on every embossing element lies at least one line segment of a line in the line grid, and at least one of the parameters position of the line segment on the embossing element, orientation of the line segment on the embossing element and form of the line segment varies location dependently across the dimension of the optically variable pattern. Due to the line grid, a movement effect, especially a pump or rotation effect, is created when the security element is tilted.

The present invention relates to an optically variable security element for securing valuable articles, having a substrate having opposing first and second main surfaces and, arranged on the first main surface, an optically variable pattern that comprises an embossing pattern and a coating. The coating comprises at least one imprinted line grid and a background layer that contrasts with the line grid. The embossing pattern comprises a two-dimensional grid of elevated and/or depressed embossing elements. Both are combined in such a way that substantially on every embossing element lies at least one line segment of a line in the line grid, and at least one of the parameters position of the line segment on the embossing element, orientation of the line segment on the embossing element and form of the line segment varies location dependently across the dimension of the optically variable pattern. Due to the line grid, a movement effect, especially a pump or rotation effect, is created when the security element is tilted.

The identification document comprises a personalized area carrying owner-specific information, such as an owner's name data or photograph, The personalized area is overlapped by a lightguide, The lightguide comprises a primary incoupler and a primary outcoupler on opposite sides of the personalized area. Any attempt to tamper with the personalized area may lead to a damage in the lightguide, which can easily be detected by coupling light into the primary incoupler and testing the light coupled out by the primary outcoupler.