Provided herein are novel methods and composition utilizing adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells for treating fistulae.

Steroid derivative regulators, a method for preparing the same, and uses thereof are described. Specifically, a compound as shown in formula (I), a preparation method therefor, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound, and uses thereof as a regulator of GABA .sub.A receptor for treating depression, convulsion, Parkinson's disease, and nervous system diseases are described, wherein the substituents of the formula (I) are as defined in the description. ##STR00001##

The present invention is directed to the field of RNA formulation, in particular to lyophilization of RNA. The invention provides a method for lyophilization of RNA. The present invention further concerns a lyophilized composition obtainable by the inventive method, a pharmaceutical composition, a vaccine and a kit or kit of parts. Moreover, the present invention provides a novel use of a lyoprotectant for lyophilizing RNA, the use of the inventive method in the manufacture of a medicament as well as the first and second medical use of the composition obtainable by the inventive method, the pharmaceutical composition, the vaccine or the kit or kit of parts according to the invention.

Disclosed here is a method of alleviating negative effects of cochlear implant surgery in a subject in need thereof comprising administering effective amounts of 2,4-disulfonyl α-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject prior to, during, and/or after undergoing cochlear implant surgery.

Disclosed here is a method of alleviating negative effects of cochlear implant surgery in a subject in need thereof comprising administering effective amounts of 2,4-disulfonyl α-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject prior to, during, and/or after undergoing cochlear implant surgery.

Provided is a pharmaceutical composition that can be administered into the ear without any complicated operation and has a function of allowing a drug to be retained and slowly released in the ear. A pharmaceutical composition for otic administration, comprising one, or two or more drugs and a polymer, wherein when the complex viscosity of the pharmaceutical composition is measured using a rheometer under the conditions of a shear strain of 5% and an angular frequency of 50 rad/sec., while increasing the temperature from 25° C. to 37° C. at a heating rate of 1° C./10 sec., the complex viscosity is less than 1,650 mPa.Math.s at 25° C., and is from 1,650 mPa.Math.s to 100,000 mPa.Math.s at 10 minutes after reaching 37° C.

Provided is a pharmaceutical composition that can be administered into the ear without any complicated operation and has a function of allowing a drug to be retained and slowly released in the ear. A pharmaceutical composition for otic administration, comprising one, or two or more drugs and a polymer, wherein when the complex viscosity of the pharmaceutical composition is measured using a rheometer under the conditions of a shear strain of 5% and an angular frequency of 50 rad/sec., while increasing the temperature from 25° C. to 37° C. at a heating rate of 1° C./10 sec., the complex viscosity is less than 1,650 mPa.Math.s at 25° C., and is from 1,650 mPa.Math.s to 100,000 mPa.Math.s at 10 minutes after reaching 37° C.

The present disclosure relates to a method of modulating the half-life of a binding domain specific to a serum carrier protein by mutating the sequence and a modulated binding domain specific to a serum carrier protein.

This disclosure relates to methods for expanding inner ear supporting cells (e.g., Lgr5+ inner ear supporting cells) and differentiating inner ear supporting cells (e.g., Lgr5+ inner ear supporting cells) to inner ear hair cells (e.g., atonal homolog 1 (Atoh1)+ inner ear hair cells) and the use of the inner hear supporting cells and hair cells, e.g., for identifying candidate therapeutic compounds for the treatment of hearing loss and balance loss. Additionally, the methods described herein can be used in the treatment of a subject having hearing loss and balance loss that would benefit from increased proliferation and differentiation of inner ear supporting cells (e.g., Lgr5+ inner ear supporting cells).

This disclosure relates to methods for expanding inner ear supporting cells (e.g., Lgr5+ inner ear supporting cells) and differentiating inner ear supporting cells (e.g., Lgr5+ inner ear supporting cells) to inner ear hair cells (e.g., atonal homolog 1 (Atoh1)+ inner ear hair cells) and the use of the inner hear supporting cells and hair cells, e.g., for identifying candidate therapeutic compounds for the treatment of hearing loss and balance loss. Additionally, the methods described herein can be used in the treatment of a subject having hearing loss and balance loss that would benefit from increased proliferation and differentiation of inner ear supporting cells (e.g., Lgr5+ inner ear supporting cells).