The invention relates to a multi-strand cord (50) comprising an internal layer (CI) of the cord made up of K=1 three-layer (C1, C2, C3) internal strand (TI), with the internal layer (C1) being made up of Q internal metallic threads (F1), the intermediate layer (C2) being made up of M intermediate metallic threads (F2) and the external layer (C3) being made up of N external metallic threads (F3), and an external layer (CE) of the cord made up of L>1 three-layer (C1′, C2′, C3′) external strands (TE) wound around the internal layer (CI) of the cord, with the internal layer (C1′) being made up of Q′ internal metallic threads (F1′), the intermediate layer (C2′) being made up of M′ intermediate metallic threads (F2′) and the external layer (C3′) being made up of N′ external metallic threads (F3′).

The cord (50) has: an endurance criterion SL≤40 000 MPa.Math.mm with

[00001]$SL=\max \left(\frac{\Delta {\sigma }_{\mathrm{bending}\_\mathrm{CI}}}{\mathrm{Cp}};\frac{\Delta {\sigma }_{\mathrm{bending}\_\mathrm{CE}}}{C_r\times \mathrm{Cp}}\right);$  and a size criterion Ec≥0.46 with Ec=Sc/Se.

In a pneumatic tire, a plurality of belt layers disposed on an outer circumferential side of a carcass layer in a tread portion are formed of steel cords each having a 1×M structure formed of a number of wire strands. The number of wire strands corresponds to one to six wire strands. A tensile modulus of elasticity of the steel cords under 5 N to 50 N load is 130 GPa or more. The steel cords are arranged inclined with respect to a tire circumferential direction to intersect each other in layers of the belt layers. The belt cover layer disposed on an outer circumferential side of the belt layers is formed of organic fiber cords having elongation of 2.0% to 4.0% under 2.0 cN/dtex load. The organic fiber cords are wound helically along the tire circumferential direction.

Provided is a motorcycle tire, that provides excellent steering stability while using steel cords as a belt layer material, which comprises a carcass extending from a tread portion to a bead core of a bead portion via a sidewall portion, and a belt layer arranged outside the carcass and inside the tread portion in the tire radial direction, wherein the belt layer is a steel belt layer having steel cords; the steel cord is a steel cord having an m×n configuration in which n strands, formed by twisting m steel filaments, are twisted together in the same direction as the steel filaments, and the m is 1 or more and 3 or less and n is 2 or more and 6 or less; the diameter of the steel filament is 0.15 mm or more and 0.25 mm or less; the rubber composition forming the tread portion is a rubber composition having a complex elastic modulus E* (MPa) of 5.0 MPa or more; and the product (S×E*) of the total cross-sectional area S(mm.sup.2) of the steel filaments in the cross section of the steel cord and the complex elastic modulus E* (MPa) is 2.00 or less.

A tire having an axis of rotation and a median plane (CP) perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and comprising: a crown reinforcement, a tread positioned radially on the outside of the crown reinforcement and axially between two shoulders, comprising a contact face intended to come into contact with the roadway while the tire is being driven on, wherein the tread is primarily made up of at least one rubber compound of given dynamic shear modulus M and comprises a plurality of furrows oriented substantially circumferentially, each furrow having a furrow bottom, and a sub-layer disposed radially on the outside of the crown reinforcement and radially on the inside of the tread, wherein the sub-layer is made up of at least one rubber compound of given dynamic shear modulus A is flush with each furrow bottom.

A two-layer multi-strand cord (60) comprises an internal layer (CI) of the cord made up of J>1 internal strands (TI) and an external layer (CE) of the cord made up of L>1 external strands (TE). The cord satisfies the relationship 95≤MC≤175, where MC=(J×MI+L×ME)/(J+L); MI=200×cos.sup.4(α)×[Q×(D1/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(β)+N×(D2/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(γ)]/[Q×(D1/2).sup.2+N×(D2/2).sup.2]; and ME=200×cos.sup.4(α′)×[Q′×(D1′/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(β′)+P′×(D2′/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(δ′)+N′×(D3′/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(β′)]/[Q′×(D1′/2).sup.2+P′×(D2/2).sup.2+N′×(D3′/2).sup.2], where D1, D1′, D2, D2′, and D3′ are in mm, α and α′ are the helix angle of each internal and external strand (TI), β and β′ are the helix angle of each internal thread (F1, F1′), δ′ is the helix angle of each intermediate thread (F2′) and γ and γ′ are the helix angle of each external thread (F2, F3′).

In a pneumatic tire in which a side reinforcing layer having a crescent-shaped cross-section is provided on an inner side in a tire width direction of a carcass layer in a sidewall portion, organic fiber cords having an elongation of 4.3% to 6.0% under a 1.5 cN/dtex load and a total fineness of 4000 dtex to 6000 dtex are used as carcass cords constituting the carcass layer.

This pneumatic tire includes a carcass layer, a pair of cross belts disposed on an outer side of the carcass layer in a radial direction, and a tread rubber including a cap tread and an undertread that are layered, the tread rubber being disposed on the outer side of the cross belts in the radial direction. Additionally, the loss tangent tan δ_cap of the cap tread 151 at 60° C. has the relationship tan δ_ut<tan δ_cap with respect to the loss tangent tan δ_ut of the undertread 152 at 60° C. In addition, a maximum gauge UT_ce of the undertread in center land portions has the relationship 1.20≤UT_ce/UT_sh≤2.50 with respect to a maximum gauge UT_sh of the undertread in ground contact regions of shoulder land portions.

The invention relates to a hybrid cord for use as a reinforcement in a belt bandage of a pneumatic vehicle tire, consisting of at least two threads with ends which are twisted together. At least one first thread is a high-modulus thread with a specified thread fineness, and another thread is a low-modulus thread, said other low-modulus thread having a lower thread fineness than the first thread. The invention is characterized in that the proportion of the high-modulus thread in the hybrid cord is 80-95 wt. %; the difference between the thread fineness of the high-modulus thread and the thread fineness of the other low-modulus thread is >800 dtex; and the elongation at break of the high-modulus thread ranges from 1%-8%, and the elongation at break of the low-modulus thread ranges from 9%-30%.

The tire comprises a crown reinforcing zone comprising a ply of strips, each forming an angle of less than or equal to 10° with the circumferential direction. Each reinforcing strip is formed by a laminate made up of n inner composite layers comprising low-modulus oriented fibres parallel to each other, the angle of which with the circumferential direction is, in absolute terms, less than or equal to 10°, together with m outer composite layers on either side of the inner composite layers, comprising high-modulus oriented fibres parallel to each other, the angle of which with the circumferential direction is, in absolute terms, strictly greater than 10°. The high- and low-modulus fibres are coated with a polymer matrix.

An article of manufacture comprising: (a) a body at least a portion of which is a multi-phase material (MPM) defining a traction surface; (b) the MPM comprising at least first and second zones comprising first and second materials, M1, M2, respectively, at or near the traction surface, the M1 and M2 having first and second Young moduli respectively, the first and second moduli differing by at least a factor of 3; and (c) wherein each of the second zones has a center, and wherein the second zones have a center-to-center radial distribution function having a peak at between 10 μm and 10 mm.