A secondary battery includes a protection module package including a tab bridge, an input/output terminal, and an insulating body that includes a middle block and side block, the middle block having the input/output terminal therein, the side block being spaced apart from the middle block, and the tab bridge connecting the middle block to the side block; and a bare cell including an electrode that is electrically connected to the tab bridge.

A secondary battery includes a protection module package including a tab bridge, an input/output terminal, and an insulating body that includes a middle block and side block, the middle block having the input/output terminal therein, the side block being spaced apart from the middle block, and the tab bridge connecting the middle block to the side block; and a bare cell including an electrode that is electrically connected to the tab bridge.

A modular charging and power system for generating and supplying electrical power to electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, other manned and unmanned remotely operated vehicles, drones, robotics, marine and aerospace vehicles, equipment, or apparatus, portable power units, propulsion systems, and other electrically powered systems. The modular charging and power system comprises a racking system for retaining one or more interchangeable power modules. Each power module comprises a generator driven by a power unit, a compressor to deliver high-pressure driving fluid to the power unit, and a battery bank. Electrical power generated by the generator powers the compressor, the battery bank, and/or an external electronic device or system.

A control system implementing a hybrid energy storage system (ESS) optimization strategy is disclosed. The hybrid ESS optimization strategy may be implemented in a machine that comprises a power system that includes a plurality of power sources and a power controller that includes one or more processors. The power controller may receive information related to a set of brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) maps associated with the plurality of power sources, determine a performance indicator using a cost function associated with the plurality of power sources, and generate a command to operate the power system based on a power distribution that minimizes an energy cost to operate the power system based on the information related to the set of BSFC maps, the performance indicator, and a load associated with the power system.

A drive system for a hybrid or electric vehicle includes an electrical energy source; an electric machine, a switching device linked to the electric machine and selectively switchable between a first configuration, and a second configuration, an adjusting device linked to the electric machine and configured to vary its operating parameters, and a control unit. The first electrical configuration includes a first number of conductors in series by phase supplying a first driving torque with a first knee speed and a first no-load operation speed. The second electrical configuration includes a second number of conductors in series by phase supplying a second driving torque, lower than the first driving torque, and a second knee speed higher than the first knee speed. A ratio between the first no-load operation speed and the second knee speed is between 0.7 and 1.3.

A system and method are disclosed for retrofitting mechanical workover rigs with electric motors to create a hybrid mechanical and electric drive. The process involves the replacement of the combustion engine with one or more electric motors to drive various components of the rig. The retrofit design allows for cleaner, more precise, and more efficient operations while eliminating the need for hydrocarbons as fuel and thus reducing associated greenhouse gas emissions. It also enables the installation of a computer control which, among other benefits, allows more precise control of the rig's operations than is possible with a mechanical transmission. The electric motors may be driven by a battery energy storage system.

An energy management control module is configured for communication with the vehicle controller. The energy management control module is configured to generate generator command data for the generator in a power command mode. In one embodiment, the energy management control module supports a first mode and a second mode. A first mode comprises the power command mode and a stored power extraction mode that are mutually exclusive modes for any sampling interval. In the power command mode of the first mode, the energy management controller is configured to generate generator command data for the generator based on a commanded motor torque and an energy storage power command (e.g., SOC command data) if the primary rotational energy of the internal combustion engine meets or exceeds the total vehicle load for a sampling interval.

An embodiment method of controlling a state of charge of a vehicle includes receiving input of use information for driving an external device by power of a battery for driving an electric motor, determining expected power consumption of the external device based on the use information, determining a target state of charge based on the expected power consumption, and controlling a driving mode based on the target state of charge.

A paving machine is described. The paving machine includes a powertrain with a power unit. The power unit may include a diesel generator and a battery. The powertrain may also include one or more drivetrains. The drivetrains may include a hydraulic drivetrain and an electric drivetrain. The drivetrains may receive power from the power unit for supplying power to actuators of the hydraulic drivetrain and the electric drivetrain. The paving machine may be a curb-forming machine including the battery, the hydraulic drivetrain, and the electric drivetrain. The hydraulic drivetrain of the curb-forming machine may include a cylinder, crawler, steering assembly, and auger, and the electric drivetrain may include a vibrator. The paving machine may also include a number of other types of paving machines. Where the paving machine includes the hydraulic drivetrain, a buffer may be provided to ensure sufficient hydraulic power in response to demand changes.

An automotive control module includes a microcontroller having an access port, and that permits reprogramming of its functions responsive to a voltage at the access port being greater than a first predefined threshold upon power-up or reset thereof. The automotive control module also includes a boot assist control circuit lacking logical elements and including a pair of input ports, an output port directly electrically connected to the access port, and a plurality of capacitors, resistors, and transistors electrically connected between the pair and output port. The plurality outputs a voltage to the output port at least equal to the first predefined threshold responsive to voltages at both the input ports being greater than a second predefined threshold, and outputs a voltage to the output port less than the first predefined threshold responsive to the voltage at either one of the input ports being less than the second predefined threshold.