A power supply switching apparatus includes a first switching unit supplying power from a first conductive path to a first output path when the voltage of the first conductive path is greater than the voltage of a second conductive path, and supplies power from the second conductive path to the first output path. A second switching unit 80 supplies power from a fourth conductive path to a second output path when the voltage of a fourth conductive path is greater than the voltage of a third conductive path, and supplies power from the third conductive path to the second output path. An element unit allows a current to flow from the second conductive path to the third conductive path when the voltage of the third conductive path is smaller than the voltage of the second conductive path, and otherwise blocks a current.

In order both to accommodate instantaneous current as well as overcurrent protection in accordance with the load, an overcurrent protection circuit has: a threshold value generation unit that, in accordance with a threshold value control signal, switches between setting an overcurrent detection threshold value to a first set value (∝ Iref) and a second set value (∝ Iset) lower than the first set value; an overcurrent detection unit that compares a sense signal in accordance with the current being monitored and the overcurrent detection value and generates an overcurrent protection signal; a reference value generation unit that generates a reference value (∝ Iset) in accordance with the seconds set value; a comparison unit that compares the sense signal and the reference value, and generates a comparison signal; and a threshold value control unit that monitors the comparison signal, and generates a threshold value control signal.

In order both to accommodate instantaneous current as well as overcurrent protection in accordance with the load, an overcurrent protection circuit has: a threshold value generation unit that, in accordance with a threshold value control signal, switches between setting an overcurrent detection threshold value to a first set value (∝ Iref) and a second set value (∝ Iset) lower than the first set value; an overcurrent detection unit that compares a sense signal in accordance with the current being monitored and the overcurrent detection value and generates an overcurrent protection signal; a reference value generation unit that generates a reference value (∝ Iset) in accordance with the seconds set value; a comparison unit that compares the sense signal and the reference value, and generates a comparison signal; and a threshold value control unit that monitors the comparison signal, and generates a threshold value control signal.

A display apparatus configured to receive a command, and convert the command to displayable information to an outside pedestrian or drivers in other vehicles may include a main body that includes a securing portion to secure the display apparatus to a vehicle; a communication unit to receive the command; a processor to convert the command to displayable information; a display portion having a displaying layer to display information; and a power managing unit to store and provide electrical energy for the display apparatus. In one embodiment, the power managing unit may include a power generating unit to be positioned to overlap with the displaying layer.

A display apparatus configured to receive a command, and convert the command to displayable information to an outside pedestrian or drivers in other vehicles may include a main body that includes a securing portion to secure the display apparatus to a vehicle; a communication unit to receive the command; a processor to convert the command to displayable information; a display portion having a displaying layer to display information; and a power managing unit to store and provide electrical energy for the display apparatus. In one embodiment, the power managing unit may include a power generating unit to be positioned to overlap with the displaying layer.

A relay circuit includes a relay and a current divider. The relay includes a coil and a contact. The contact is configured to switches on and off a supply of power to a load that is configured to operate with power supplied from a direct-current power supply through conduction of the coil. The current divider is connected between the contact and the load and configured to split a current supplied from the power supply to the load. The current divider incudes a resistor and a capacitor connected in series and grounded.

A relay circuit includes a relay and a current divider. The relay includes a coil and a contact. The contact is configured to switches on and off a supply of power to a load that is configured to operate with power supplied from a direct-current power supply through conduction of the coil. The current divider is connected between the contact and the load and configured to split a current supplied from the power supply to the load. The current divider incudes a resistor and a capacitor connected in series and grounded.

A vehicle system having: a hardware level, a first operating system, and a virtual machine integrated on the hardware level having a second operating system. A hypervisor operates the virtual machine such that the first and the second operating systems) are operated in parallel on the hardware. A first application is executed on the first operating system and a second application is executed on the second operating system. The first application has a higher safety standard than the second application. The second operating system is configured to be operated in suspend-to-RAM mode while the first operating system is switched off.

A vehicle system having: a hardware level, a first operating system, and a virtual machine integrated on the hardware level having a second operating system. A hypervisor operates the virtual machine such that the first and the second operating systems) are operated in parallel on the hardware. A first application is executed on the first operating system and a second application is executed on the second operating system. The first application has a higher safety standard than the second application. The second operating system is configured to be operated in suspend-to-RAM mode while the first operating system is switched off.

A linear power supply circuit according to the present invention is provided with: an output transistor provided between an input end to which an input voltage is applied and an output end to which an output voltage is applied; a driver for driving the output transistor; and a feedback unit for feeding, back to the driver, information about an output electrical current that is output from the output end. The driver drives the output transistor on the basis of the difference between a voltage based on the output voltage and a reference voltage, as well as the information.