An ink jet process is used to deposit a material layer to a desired thickness. Layout data is converted to per-cell grayscale values, each representing ink volume to be locally delivered. The grayscale values are used to generate a halftone pattern to deliver variable ink volume (and thickness) to the substrate. The halftoning provides for a relatively continuous layer (e.g., without unintended gaps or holes) while providing for variable volume and, thus, contributes to variable ink/material buildup to achieve desired thickness. The ink is jetted as liquid or aerosol that suspends material used to form the material layer, for example, an organic material used to form an encapsulation layer for a flat panel device. The deposited layer is then cured or otherwise finished to complete the process.

An ink jet process is used to deposit a material layer to a desired thickness. Layout data is converted to per-cell grayscale values, each representing ink volume to be locally delivered. The grayscale values are used to generate a halftone pattern to deliver variable ink volume (and thickness) to the substrate. The halftoning provides for a relatively continuous layer (e.g., without unintended gaps or holes) while providing for variable volume and, thus, contributes to variable ink/material buildup to achieve desired thickness. The ink is jetted as liquid or aerosol that suspends material used to form the material layer, for example, an organic material used to form an encapsulation layer for a flat panel device. The deposited layer is then cured or otherwise finished to complete the process.

An ink jet process is used to deposit a material layer to a desired thickness. Layout data is converted to per-cell grayscale values, each representing ink volume to be locally delivered. The grayscale values are used to generate a halftone pattern to deliver variable ink volume (and thickness) to the substrate. The halftoning provides for a relatively continuous layer (e.g., without unintended gaps or holes) while providing for variable volume and, thus, contributes to variable ink/material buildup to achieve desired thickness. The ink is jetted as liquid or aerosol that suspends material used to form the material layer, for example, an organic material used to form an encapsulation layer for a flat panel device. The deposited layer is then cured or otherwise finished to complete the process.

The phosphor ceramic has pores with a pore diameter of 3.0 m or more and 12.0 m or less. In the phosphor ceramic, a pore volume percentage of pores with a pore diameter of 3.0 m or more and 12.0 m or less is 1.5% by volume or more and 9.5% by volume or less.

According to the present disclosure, a first optical system includes a first light source and emits a first illumination light. A second optical system includes a second light source and emits a second illumination light. A controller controls turning-on/off of the first light source and the second light source. The first optical system and the second optical system are configured such that a first illumination standard is satisfied by the first illumination light and the second illumination light. The first optical system is configured such that a second illumination standard is satisfied by the first illumination light. The controller allows the turning-on of the first light source when the turning-on of the second light source is disabled, and prohibits the turning-on of the second light source when the turning-on of the first light source is disabled.

In at least one embodiment, the semiconductor component includes at least one optoelectronic semiconductor chip having a radiation exit side. The surface-mountable semiconductor component comprises a shaped body that covers side surfaces of the semiconductor chip directly and in a positively locking manner. The shaped body and the semiconductor chip do not overlap, as seen in a plan view of the radiation exit side.

A chip scale LED packaging method includes the following steps: clamping an upper mold with a plurality of through holes and a plate-shaped lower mold together; allowing bottoms of the plurality of through holes of the upper mold to be sealed by the plate-shaped lower mold to form a pattern of a plurality of grooves; placing chips one by one in corresponding through holes of the plurality of through holes; pouring encapsulation gel into each of the corresponding through holes; separating the upper mold from the plate-shaped lower mold after the encapsulation gel is cured and molded; and separating each cured and molded encapsulation gel from each of the corresponding through holes of the upper mold and taking each cured and molded encapsulation gel out of the upper mold to obtain an individual chip scale LED package.

A package for multiple LED's and for attachment to a substrate includes a body, which includes a top body layer, a cavity disposed through the top body layer and having a floor for bonding to the multiple LED's, and a thermal conduction layer bonded to the top body layer and having a top surface forming the floor of the cavity and a bottom surface. The thermal conduction layer includes a thermally conducting ceramic material disposed between the floor and the bottom surface. The package also includes a plurality of LED bonding pads in direct contact with the floor and configured to bond to the multiple LED's and a plurality of electrical bonding pads in direct contact with the floor, proximate to the LED bonding pads, and in electrical communication with a plurality of electrical contacts disposed on a surface of the body.

An LED package structure includes a base, an LED chip disposed on the base, at least one metal wire, a phosphor sheet, and an encapsulation resin disposed in the base and encapsulating the LED chip, the metal wire, and the phosphor sheet. The LED chip has at least one electrode thereon. The metal wire has an apex and a loop height being defined by the apex. The metal wire is electrically connected to the electrode and the base. The phosphor sheet includes a B-stage resin and a plurality of phosphor powders mixed therewith. The phosphor sheet is adhered to the LED chip by the B-stage resin capable of viscosity and covers the top surface, the side surface, and the electrode of the LED chip. A thickness of the phosphor sheet is smaller than the loop height, and the apex of the metal wire is exposed from the phosphor sheet.

A semiconductor device includes: a conductive-patterned insulating substrate; conductive blocks fixed to conductive patterns of the conductive-patterned insulating substrate; a semiconductor chip fixed to each conductive block; a printed circuit board that has a conductive post fixed to the semiconductor chip; and a resin. The semiconductor device is configured such that the average volume of a conductive film per unit area of each conductive pattern around a section thereof, to which the corresponding conductive block is fixed, is reduced from the conductive block toward the outside.