An all terrain vehicle may include a braking system comprising a hydraulic and electric controller unit (HECU) operably coupled to the plurality of ground-engaging members. The HECU may receive sensor information from the one or more sensors and determine whether the all terrain vehicle is encountering a wheel locking event based on the sensor information. The wheel locking event may indicate the plurality of ground-engaging members are unable to turn. The HECU also may determine whether the all terrain vehicle is encountering a turning event based on the sensor information and operate in an HECU intervention mode based on an indication that the all terrain vehicle is encountering the wheel locking event and the turning event. The HECU intervention mode permits the HECU to control the plurality of ground-engaging members based on steering input.

The present disclosure describes a method of forming an intermediate spacer structure between a gate structure and a source/drain (S/D) contact structure and removing a top portion of the intermediate spacer structure to form a recess. The intermediate spacer structure includes a first spacer layer, a second spacer layer, and a sacrificial spacer layer between the first spacer layer and the second spacer layer. The method further includes removing the sacrificial spacer layer to form an air gap between the first spacer layer and the second spacer layer and spinning a dielectric layer on the air gap, the first spacer layer, and the second spacer layer to fill in the recess and seal the air gap. The dielectric layer includes raw materials for a spin-on dielectric material.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a control system for a vehicle, the control system comprising at least one controller and being configured to: obtain image data relating to terrain to be traversed by the vehicle, and for each of a plurality of sub-regions of the image data: determine probability data relating to whether the respective sub-region relates to a path region or a non-path region of the terrain; and determine a cost for the vehicle to traverse a portion of the terrain to which the sub-region relates depending on the probability data meeting one or more path probability criteria indicating that the sub-region relates to the path region, one or more non-path probability criteria indicating that the sub-region relates to the non-path region or neither the path probability criteria nor the non-path probability criteria; and determining a vehicle path in dependence on the determined costs.

An all terrain vehicle may include a braking system comprising a hydraulic and electric controller unit (HECU) operably coupled to the plurality of ground-engaging members. The HECU may receive sensor information from the one or more sensors and determine whether the all terrain vehicle is encountering a wheel locking event based on the sensor information. The wheel locking event may indicate the plurality of ground-engaging members are unable to turn. The HECU also may determine whether the all terrain vehicle is encountering a turning event based on the sensor information and operate in an HECU intervention mode based on an indication that the all terrain vehicle is encountering the wheel locking event and the turning event. The HECU intervention mode permits the HECU to control the plurality of ground-engaging members based on steering input.

A brake control system has an electronic control unit such that, when the motor vehicle is at a standstill, an automatic parking brake function can be activated by the control unit. In the presence of an activation condition for the parking brake function, the brake pressure required for this purpose can be determined at least in a manner dependent on the longitudinal inclination and in a manner dependent on an estimated normal force distribution of all of the wheels and/or an estimated capability of all of the wheels to transmit braking and/or drive torque to the underlying surface. Here, the brake pressure can be predefined to be higher the more wheels have a reduced normal force.

A braking system for a vehicle, the braking system includes a brake provided in a wheel of the vehicle and configured to restrain rotation of the wheel, and a brake force control device configured to control a brake force of the brake. The brake force control device includes a road-surface condition acquisition portion configured to acquire a road-surface condition indicative of a condition of a road surface where the vehicle travels, and in a case where the road-surface condition acquisition portion acquires a plurality of conditions as the road-surface condition, the brake force control device controls the brake force in a mode different from respective controls on the brake force based on the conditions.

A device for controlling wheel slip of a vehicle includes: a displacement sensor for measuring a suspension displacement of drive wheels; and a controller configured to control braking of the drive wheels in consideration of the suspension displacement of the drive wheels when slip occurs on the drive wheels. The device may control braking of a slip-occurred wheel in consideration of a displacement of a suspension corresponding to the slip-occurred wheel of the vehicle.

An electronic control unit is a control device for controlling a vehicle including a vehicle speed sensor. The electronic control unit is configured to identify a section from start to stop of the vehicle using a vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor, determine whether the number of times of a low-speed section is more than a prescribed number of times, the low-speed section being the identified section where a representative value of the vehicle speed is less than a prescribed speed, and determine that the vehicle is in a specific situation where low-speed travel is inevitable, when it is determined that the number of times of the low-speed section is more than the prescribed number of times.

A vehicle includes a propulsion system configured to selectively drive at least one wheel of a plurality of wheels, a brake system configured to selectively brake at least one wheel of the plurality of wheels, and a dig lock controller in signal communication with the propulsion system and the brake system. The dig lock controller is configured to, based on a driver request, selectively perform a vehicle rotating dig lock operation by braking one wheel of the plurality of wheels while driving at least one other wheel of the plurality of wheels to move the vehicle laterally about a pivot point at least partially defined by the braked wheel.

A front tire heating and cleaning system for a vehicle includes a brake system configured to selectively apply hydraulic braking pressure against front wheels and rear wheels of the vehicle, and a controller in signal communication with the brake system. The controller is configured to, upon receipt of a request, initiate a controlled front tire heating mode where the brake system is controlled to selectively apply hydraulic braking pressure against the rear wheels and not the front wheels, and rotate the front wheels to increase tire temperature for improved front wheel traction during off-road maneuvers.