An anti-E1 ion channel antibody or binding fragment thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said antibodies, use of the antibodies and compositions comprising the same, in treatment, for example in the treatment/modulation of pain and processes for generating and preparing said antibodies.

The present invention relates to a novel epitope of IP-10 (IFN-γ-inducible protein 10), to an antibody to the epitope or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, to a composition comprising the epitope as an active ingredient for inducing an antibody to IP-10, and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof for preventing or treating diseases relating to IP-10. The anti-IP-10 antibody of the present invention can be effectively used in preventing or treating various diseases relating to IP-10 such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

The disclosure provides OX40L huIgG4 fusion polypeptide subunits comprising a human IgG4 Fc domain, a trimerization domain, and the receptor binding domain of Ox40 ligand, where the fusion polypeptide subunits can self-assemble into hexameric proteins. Also provided are methods of making fusion polypeptide subunits and hexameric proteins, and methods of use, e.g., treatment of cancer.

The present invention relates to neutralizing antibodies of the human pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1) and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such antibodies. Methods of treating or preventing headache conditions, such as migraine and cluster headache, using the neutralizing antibodies are also described.

Described are transgenic, non-human animals comprising a nucleic acid encoding an immunoglobulin light chain, whereby the immunoglobulin light chain is human, human-like, or humanized. The nucleic acid is provided with a means that renders it resistant to DNA rearrangements and/or somatic hypermutations. In one embodiment, the nucleic acid comprises an expression cassette for the expression of a desired molecule in cells during a certain stage of development in cells developing into mature B cells. Further provided is methods for producing an immunoglobulin from the transgenic, non-human animal.

Anti-CD19 B4 antibodies with modified variable regions are disclosed. The modified anti-CD19 variable region polypeptides have alterations to one or more framework regions or complementarity determining regions of the heavy chain variable region or light chain variable region, thereby to reduce a T-cell response.

Disclosed are Fc-containing proteins comprising a binding region and a variant Fc region that can elicit one or more immune effector function and/or bind to an Fc receptor more effectively than a similar Fc-containing protein comprising a wild type Fc region. Also disclosed are nucleic acids encoding such Fc-containing proteins, methods for making such proteins, and methods of treatment utilizing such proteins.

An isolated nucleic acid encoding a leader, which has a specific sequence, an isolated leader peptide encoded by such nucleic acid, an expression cassette comprising such nucleic acid encoding a leader operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a POI a recombinant yeast host cell or a vector comprising such expression cassette, a method of producing a POI in such yeast host cell, and further the use of the specific nucleic acid for the secretion of a POT from a host cell and/or to increase the secretion of a POT from a host cell.

The invention provides non-human cells and mammals having a genome encoding chimeric antibodies and methods of producing transgenic cells and mammals. Certain aspects of the invention include chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, pharmaceutical compositions and kits. Certain aspects of the invention also relate to diagnostic and treatment methods using the antibodies of the invention.

The present invention is directed to antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof having binding specificity for PACAP. The antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof comprise the sequences of the V.sub.H, V.sub.L, and CDR polypeptides described herein, and the polynucleotides encoding them. Antibodies and antigen binding fragments described herein bind to and/or compete for binding to the same linear or conformational epitope(s) on human PACAP as an anti-PACAP antibody. The invention contemplates conjugates of anti-PACAP antibodies and binding fragments thereof conjugated to one or more functional or detectable moieties. Methods of making said anti-PACAP antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof are also contemplated. Other embodiments of the invention contemplate using anti-PACAP antibodies, and binding fragments thereof, for the diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of diseases and disorders associated with PACAP and conditions where antagonism of PACAP-related activities, such as vasodilation, photophobia, mast cell degranulation, and/or neuronal activation, would be therapeutically beneficial.