The present invention relates to compositions and methods for generating a modified T cell with a nucleic acid capable of downregulating endogenous gene expression selected from the group consisting of TCR chain, TCR chain, beta-2 microglobulin, a HLA molecule, CTLA-4, PD1, and FAS and further comprising a nucleic acid encoding a modified T cell receptor (TCR) comprising affinity for a surface antigen on a target cell or an electroporated nucleic acid encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Also included are methods and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the modified T cell for adoptive therapy and treating a condition, such as an autoimmune disease.

A method of treating a disease, such as cancer, by administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of allogeneic T cells with a MHC unrestricted chimeric receptor short time after partial lymphodepletion. The method also comprises administering one or more agents that delay egression of the allogeneic T cells from lymph nodes of said subject during adoptive transfer of said allogeneic T cells to the subject by trapping the T cells in the lymph nodes.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for converting a T cell into a cell that exhibits at least one regulatory T cell phenotype. The converted T cell is generated by contacting a T cell with a cell that is modified to comprise an agent capable of activating PD1 signaling in a T cell. The converted T cell is useful for preventing, suppressing, blocking or inhibiting an immune response. For example the converted T cell is useful for preventing rejection of a transplanted tissue in a human or other animal host, or protecting against graft versus host disease. The converted T cell can also be used to treat autoimmune diseases.

The invention relates to a centrifuge for separating a sample into at least two components, comprising a chamber for receiving a sample to be centrifuged. According to the invention, the centrifuge further comprises a means for controlling the progress of the sample separation is located at the chamber.

A method for the treatment and/or the prevention of a disease or a symptom related to dysfunction of regulatory T cell immunomodulation includes administering to a subject in need thereof compositions that regulate regulatory T cell immunomodulatory function, in which the compositions may be prepared by contacting starting materials with phosphorylation pathway-related factors, the agonists or the antagonists thereof. The phosphorylation pathway-related factors are selected from: proto-oncogene protein PIM1 and the coding sequence thereof. The regulation is achieved by regulating the activity of regulators of regulatory T cells selected from the group: FOXP3, IL-2, GITR, CTLA4, and a combination thereof.

The present invention provides a dendritic cell modulatory protein which modulates, and preferably inhibits, the differentiation and/or maturation of mammalian dendritic cells. The invention also provides proteins comprising conserved motifs found in such proteins as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising the dendritic cell modulatory protein and homologs and active fragments thereof, antibodies thereto and methods of treatment which utilize such proteins, homologs, fragments and antibodies.

Provided are transplants and methods for augmenting formation and restoration of organ and tissue, for example, bone formation, by administering autologous or allogeneic human embryonic-like adult stem cells (ELA cells). Also provided is a method for augmenting formation of tissues and organs by administering a transplant having ELA stem cells or combination of ELA stem cells.

In one aspect, a method of treating a subject having or at risk of having graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) generally includes administering to the subject a plurality of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) effective to ameliorate at least one symptom or clinical sign of graft-versus-host disease compared to a suitable control subject. In another aspect, a method of treating a tumor in a subject generally includes administering to the subject an anti-tumor therapy and co-administering to the subject an inflammasome inciting agent in an amount effective to increase inflammasome activation of MDSCs sufficiently to reduce suppressor function of the MDSCs.

The present disclosure provides a novel technique relating to immunological tolerance. More specifically, the present inventor found for the first time that, in a technique for inducing immunological tolerance by administering an organ transplantation patient (a recipient) a cell preparation containing cells in which anergy is induced by an inhibitor inhibiting the interaction between CD80/CD86 and CD28, the immunological tolerance continues even after the disappearance of the cells derived from the cell preparation from the recipient (infectious immunological tolerance). Further, the present inventor proved that such a cell preparation can elicit immunological tolerance against immunological rejection caused by allergy, iPS cells, etc. or cells, tissues or organs derived therefrom.

Provided herein are compounds including a linear polyglycerol, a peptide tag, with either a linker-sugar-sialic acid moiety or a sulfate group, a preservation solutions including the compounds, methods for using the compounds or the preservation solutions to cell surface engineering (CSE) of a cell, a tissue, an organ for transplant, and methods for making the compounds. In particular, the CSE may recapitulate or rebuild glycocalyx on the luminal endothelial surface of an organ to limit immune rejection of the organ after transplant.