In one aspect, the disclosure relates to multi-functional catalysts for use in carbon dioxide-assisted dehydroaromatization (CO.sub.2-DHA) processes utilizing a microwave reactor. The disclosed multifunctional catalysts inhibit coke production, thereby solving a long-standing problem of rapid deactivation and regeneration issues. Moreover, the disclosed multifunctional catalysts, when used in the disclosed processes, provide for a reduced reaction temperature and improved BTX aromatic selectivity versus conventional process. The disclosed multifunctional catalysts for the aromatization of natural gas provide a more cost effective and energy efficient processes than existing conventional methods. Accordingly, the disclosed technology can significantly improve process economics for natural gas conversion and BTX aromatics production and yield a higher percent of product while limiting side reactions. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Provided are catalyst particles for treating vehicle exhaust gas, containing semiconductor nanoparticles supported by noble metals.

A method of purifying air polluted by smoke and fumes, such as from wildfires and other hazard, may deploy a series of fluid filled vessels that act as filters to trap and/or neutralize components that would foul an aqueous suspension of gold nanoparticles that is effective in converting toxic carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. Non-toxic fluids may be used. As the gold nanoparticles are effective in a basic solution, the solution may contain a visible pH indicator or an apparatus that deploys the method may continuously monitor the pH thereof.

The invention provides novel remediants and methods for remediating all biological and synthetic fibers; and biological and synthetic membranes. The remediants comprise a chemically or biologically active or inactive material, in the form of particles which are on average less than the pore size of the selected fiber, or larger than the pore size of the selected membrane, and a polymeric elution supporter suspension which is interactive with an environmentally acceptable solvent. The elution support suspension mixture is capable of maintaining the particles in a persistent suspension which can permeate through the interwoven fiber layers and pores; or brush membrane surfaces and pores, due to it small or large size, thereby delivering the remediant to the desired fiber and membrane locations.

Catalysts and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and methods are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane.

Catalysts and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and methods are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane.

The invention relates to a method of regenerating the catalytic activity of a spent catalyst comprising nickel on a refractory oxide support, said method comprising the steps of contacting the spent catalyst with a nitric acid solution, heat-treating the spent catalyst, calcining and reducing the catalyst.

A catalyst system includes a porous polymeric base, a nanoscale metal catalyst layer disposed on the porous polymeric base, and a nanoscale electrolyte layer disposed on the metal catalyst layer. The catalyst system is used in methods to perform three-phase catalytic reactions.

Provided is a catalyst that is free from catalyst deactivation caused by reaction of the support and exhibits good catalytic activity in an ammonia synthesis reaction in a low-temperature, low-pressure process. The present invention relates to an ammonia synthesis catalyst having a structure in which at least one of ruthenium or an oxide of ruthenium is loaded on a titanium suboxide support represented by the composition formula TiOx where x represents a number satisfying 1.5<x<2.0.

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer, which is disposed on the surface of a substrate and causing an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction when irradiated with light, an oxidation catalyst layer, which is disposed on part of the surface of the semiconductor layer, forms along with the semiconductor layer a Schottky junction, and oxidizes an oxidation target substance, a reduction catalyst layer, which is disposed on part of the surface of the semiconductor layer where the oxidation catalyst layer is not disposed so as to be separated from the oxidation catalyst layer, forms along with the semiconductor layer an ohmic junction, and reduces a reduction target substance, and an insulation layer, which is disposed on the entirety of the surface of the semiconductor layer where none of the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer is disposed so as to be in contact with the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer.