A method and apparatus of a device that determines a cause and effect of congestion in this device is described. The device determines an effect of congestion in the device. The device measures a queue group occupancy of a queue group for a port in the device, where the queue group stores a plurality of packets to be communicated through that port. The device further determines if congestion exists on that queue group using the measurement, where the congestion prevents a packet of the plurality of packets from being communicated within a time period. If the congestion exists on that queue group, the device additionally gathers information regarding packets to be transmitted through that port. For example, the device can gather statistics packets that are stored in the queue group and/or new enqueue packets.

In one embodiment of a network pipe optimization method, a network element may obtain at least one of a push pipe utilization report and a pull pipe utilization report from each distribution node of the content delivery network. Based on the utilization reports, the network element may determine new push pipe weights and new pull pipe weights for distribution pipes associated with each distribution node of the content delivery network. Using at least one of the new push pipe weights and new pull pipe weights, a network pipe utilization model associated with the content delivery network may be simulated. Responsive to determining that the simulated network pipe utilization model yields an improved utilization of the content delivery network, the new push pipe weights and new pull pipe weights may be distributed to each distribution node in the content delivery network.

A method and apparatus of a device that determines a cause and effect of congestion in this device is described. In an exemplary embodiment, the device measures a queue group occupancy of a queue group for a port in the device, where the queue group stores a plurality of packets to be communicated through that port. In addition, the device determines if the measurement indicates a potential congestion of the queue group, where the congestion prevents a packet from being communicated within a time period. If potential congestion exists on that queue group, the device further gathers information regarding packets to be transmitted through that port. For example, the device can gather statistics packets that are stored in the queue group and/or new enqueue packets.

A communication technique which includes determining, at least in part by comparing data associated with a packet that has been pulled from a received packet queue with a highest sequence number among packets that have been placed in the received packet queue, that the received packet queue has space available to receive a further packet. A receiver with which the received packet queue is associated is sent, based at least in part on the determination, a next packet.

A more efficient network can be achieved by leveraging an adaptive dejitter buffer. The dejitter buffer can be dynamically adjusted based off a network data analysis. A communication handover can be adjusted or shifted based on voice inactivity data related to a forecasted punctuation. The dejitter buffer memory/depth of a mobile device can also be adjusted in accordance with receiving a delay interruption length associated with another mobile device. Thereafter, the dejitter buffer memory can be filled with voice packet data to decrease a packet delay variation at the mobile device.

The respective occupancies of a set of audio buffers are controlled via a common target occupancy value common to all the buffers in the set. This common target may take non-integral values. For each buffer, the difference is taken between the occupancy value of the buffer and the common target occupancy value. A sample is dropped or repeated as the difference exceeds half a sample. A recursive sum is formed of the fractional parts of the difference measures from the set of buffers and the recursive sum is used to adjust the common target occupancy value, within a selected range of values.

Apparatuses and methods are described that provide for credit based flow control in a network in which a public buffer is supported at a receiver node, where a transmitter node can control the use of the public buffer. In particular, the transmitter node determines a buffer credit value (TCRi) for each virtual lane of the transmitter node. The buffer credit value (TCRi) is negative (e.g., less than 0) in an instance in which a respective virtual lane private buffer is fully used and thus reflects a loan of credits from the public buffer. In addition, the transmitter node knows the needed buffer size per virtual lane for transmitting a packet in advance based on the round trip time (RTT) and maximum transmission unit (MTU) for the packet and is precluded from consuming more space on the public buffer than required to meet RTT.

The problem of collisions and/or congestion at output ports of switches, especially in shallow-buffered commodity switches, can be solved by: (a) receiving by the switch, a packet; (b) extracting destination information from the packet; (c) looking up, using the extracted destination information, an output port for the packet; (d) determining whether or not to redirect the packet based on a congestion level of a buffer associated with the output port; (f) responsive to a determination to redirect the packet, (1) dispatching the packet to a dedicated reservoir port of the switch, wherein the reservoir port enforces a queue discipline, (2) receiving, by a reservoir, the redirected packet, (3) temporarily buffering, in an internal queue of the reservoir, the received, redirected packet, and (4) sending the temporarily buffered, received, redirected packet back to the switch. Otherwise, responsive to a determination to not redirect the packet, the packet is dispatched to the output port of the switch. In at least some example embodiments consistent with the present invention, any packets sent back to the switch are paced such that collisions and congestion at the switch output port is relieved.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). According to various embodiments, a device of an intermediate node comprises: a receiving unit configured to receive a signal for determining a buffer threshold value of at least one terminal; and a control unit configured to determine a buffer threshold value of the terminal on the basis of the signal, and determine a size of data to be requested to at least one server according to the determined buffer threshold value of the terminal.

The proposed technology relates to methods and radio network nodes for Explicit Congestion Notification, ECN, marking of user traffic in wireless communication networks. For example, a method performed by a sending radio network node (10) comprises the step of monitoring (S10) a congestion metric on a data radio bearer, and the step of transmitting (S20) control information indicating traffic congestion on the same data radio bearer, based on the monitored congestion metric, to a receiving radio network node (20).Further, a method performed by a receiving radio network node (20) comprises the step of receiving (S100) control information indicating traffic congestion on a data radio bearer, based on a congestion metric, from a sending radio network node (10), and the step of marking (S200) next ECN-capable user packet of the user traffic on the same data radio bearer with ECN marking, based on the received control information.