Heptose-1-monophosphate-7-derivatives are modifiable immunomodulators that can be used to prepare clinically active conjugate compounds. Such conjugate compounds are useful in modulating an immune response in a subject.

A composition for oral administration of a bioactive agent to aquatic or terrestrial species includes particles each of which includes a bioactive agent dispersed in oil droplets, the oil droplets being dispersed in a matrix including an enteric coating polymer, wherein the particles each further include a mucoadhesive polymer. Methods of making and using the composition are also provided.

The present invention relates to the modification of a live attenuated strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, wherein its natural surface-exposed polysaccharide and flagellin antigens may be converted to, or augmented by, those from other strains of Salmonella, including S. enterica serovars Paratyphi, Typhimurium and Enteritidis. The present invention also relates to modified strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi being suitable for use as components of a vaccine for enteric fever and salmonellosis.

A method of immunizing a human against infection by parasitic worms, comprising orally administering a live attenuated recombinant bacterium, expressing at least one antigen corresponding to a parasitic worm antigen; and a sterile injectable vaccine comprising the at least one antigen corresponding to a parasitic worm antigen. The method is effective against worms, including schistosomes.

Antigenic molecules and compositions described herein protect against infection by typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars. Methods of immunization comprise the use of the antigenic molecules.

Vaccine vectors capable of eliciting an immune response to enteric bacteria and methods of using the same are provided. The vaccine vectors include a polynucleotide encoding a PAL polypeptide. The PAL polypeptide may be expressed on the surface of the vaccine vector. The vaccine vector may also include a second polypeptide encoding an immunostimulatory polypeptide such as a CD154 polypeptide or an HMGB1 polypeptide.

Vaccine compositions including a yeast comprising an immunostimulatory polypeptide and optionally an antigenic polypeptide are provided herein. The immunostimulatory polypeptide and the antigenic polypeptide are expressed or displayed on the surface of the yeast vaccine composition. Methods of using the vaccine composition to vaccinate subjects are also provided.

The present invention discloses a Salmonella paratyphi A with an O-antigen having an extended carbohydrate chain and uses thereof. The method comprises the following steps: inactivating an cld gene encoding an enzyme controlling chain length of O-antigen of a Salmonella paratyphi A strain to obtain a Salmonella paratyphi A with deletion of cld gene; allowing overexpression of cld.sub.LT2 gene encoding an enzyme controlling chain length of O-antigen of Salmonella typhimurium in Salmonella paratyphi A deficient in the cld gene encoding an enzyme controlling chain length of O-antigen, so as to extend carbohydrate chain length of O-antigen. Both of the Salmonella paratyphi A O-polysaccharide-recombinant fusion protein conjugate vaccines rCTB4573.sub.3-OPS.sub.Spty50973 and rEPA4573-OPS.sub.Spty50973 as prepared by using Salmonella paratyphi A with an O-antigen having an extended carbohydrate chain can induce mice to generate specific antibodies against Salmonella paratyphi A, and their antibody titers are significantly improved.

The present invention relates to vaccines comprising an effective amount of at least one antigen in a water-in-oil-in-water (WOW) emulsion and an additional adjuvant, and to the methods of preparation and uses thereof.

Provided herein are imidazopyrimidine compounds for use in enhancing human immune response and/or as adjuvants in vaccines.