A method of producing a monomer of a Shiga toxin B-subunit (STxB) protein or of a variant thereof by peptide chemical synthesis, as well as to a method of producing a pentamer of the STxB protein or of the variant thereof. The methods are particularly advantageous as they overcome major issues typically observed in peptide chemical synthesis, including solubility and purity issues.

Provided are multivalent conjugate compositions against Salmonella diseases. A combined vaccine composition of glycol-conjugates in tetravalent, trivalent and bivalent combinations are disclosed.

The present disclosure provides methods and compositions for reducing the incidence, severity, and/or duration of at least one sign of respiratory infection. The methods include the steps of administering a composition comprising gastrointestinal microbiota and an immunogenic composition to an animal in need thereof.

This invention relates to the medical use of pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) displaying immunostimulatory microbial immuno-adjuvants [MIAs], as therapeutics when used in combination with check point inhibitors to treat various types of cancer and to methods of treatment which involve treating a subject with these compounds and compound mixtures and process methods for identifying and optimally composing them for their therapeutic use in cancer treatment. It also relates to the use of inhibitors of these PAMP displaying immunostimulatory microbial immuno-adjuvants [MIAs], as therapeutics when used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn's Disease and ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and process methods for identifying and optimally composing them for their therapeutic use in IBD and IBS.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of veterinary biological products, and specifically relates to a triple vaccine for diseases caused by Salmonella typhimurium, Riemerella anatipestifer and Escherichia coli. In the triple vaccine, antigens are an inactivated Salmonella typhimurium E01 strain, an inactivated Riemerella anatipestifer R01 strain and an inactivated Escherichia coli E01 strain. The three strains used in the vaccine have high virulence, disable immunogenicity and disable cross-protection. The prepared vaccine has a desirable safety, causing no local or systemic adverse reactions. In a shelf life test, all indicators of the vaccine are stable and effective after a data analysis of traits, a safety test and an efficacy test; in addition, efficacy test results prove that the inactivated triple vaccine can produce desirable antibodies and relatively desirable attacking protection.

Described herein are methods of inserting nucleic acid sequences into host cells. Also described herein are genetically stable host cells comprising inserted nucleic acid sequences and methods of using such host cells in the generation of proteins.

The present invention relates to an attenuated strain of Salmonella comprising at least one copy of a DNA molecule comprising an expression cassette encoding PD-L1. In particular, the present invention relates to said attenuated strain of Salmonella for use in the treatment of cancer.

The invention relates to gram-negative bacteria carrying gene-inactivating mutations that cause deletion of proteins belonging to the OMV proteome, to Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) produced by these bacteria and immunogenic compositions thereof.

Inactivated antigens have only been used in avian medicine in parenterally administered vaccines. The only mucosally administered vaccines have been live, modified live, or attenuated vaccines. However, live vaccines have several disadvantages, including the risk of causing disease. Disclosed embodiments concern a composition comprising inactivated bacterial and/or viral antigens that is formulated for mucosal administration to an avian, and a method of using the composition. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises inactivated Clostridium perfringens type A antigens, and/or Salmonella spp. antigens, such as antigens from Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella typhimurium, and/or Salmonella enteriditis, or E. coli antigens. The composition may comprise a polyacrylic acid adjuvant. The composition may be administered to an avian in ovo, during the first 14 days after hatching, or after the first 14 days.

The present invention provides combination vaccines that comprise an immunological agent effective for reducing the incidence of or lessening the severity of PPE caused by L. intracellularis, and one or more immunological active components effective in treatment and/or prophylaxis of at least one further disease-causing organism for swine. Moreover, the present invention also relates to a kit that comprises an immunological agent effective for reducing the incidence of or lessening the severity of PPE caused by L. intracellularis, and one or more immunological active components effective in treatment and/or prophylaxis of at least one further disease-causing organism for swine.