The present invention provides a chlorine dioxide manufacturing device that can accurately control the amount of chlorine dioxide produced. The present invention provides a chlorine dioxide gas manufacturing device comprising an electrolysis chamber, a liquid surface level measuring chamber, and a bubbling gas feeding device. The electrolysis chamber and the liquid surface level measuring chamber each comprises an electrolytic solution and a gas, wherein the electrolytic solution comprises an aqueous chlorite solution, and the electrolysis chamber and the liquid surface level measuring chamber are joined to each other above each liquid surface via a gas piping and joined to each other below each liquid surface via an electrolytic solution piping so that the height of the electrolytic solutions contained in each chamber are substantially equal.

Fabricating a doped bismuth vanadate electrode includes spray coating a substrate with an aqueous solution with vanadium-containing anions and bismuth-containing cations to yield a coated substrate, heating the coated substrate to form crystalline bismuth vanadate on the substrate, and doping the crystalline bismuth vanadate with lithium ions to yield a doped bismuth vanadate electrode.

Catalysts for selective production of hydrogen peroxide and methods of making and using thereof have been developed. The catalysts include an alloyed or doped metal oxide which permits tuning of the catalytic properties of the catalysts for selection of a desired pathway to a product, such as hydrogen peroxide. The catalysts may be incorporated into electrochemical or photochemical devices.

A differential pressure type high pressure water electrolysis apparatus has a flow passage forming member for supplying water to an anode. In the flow passage forming member, there are formed a water receiving section for receiving water supplied from the exterior, a distributing path for distributing the water that has flowed into the water receiving section, a converging path into which a surplus supplied amount of water flows, and a water discharging section for receiving the water inside the converging path and discharging it to the exterior. The positions of the distributing path and the converging path are offset from an opposing position where a seal member faces toward a pressure resistant member that surrounds the seal member from the exterior.

An expanded ion-exchange membrane electrolysis cell comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate, at least one bipolar electrode plate, a first ion-exchange membrane plate, a second ion-exchange membrane plate, a plurality of hydrogen chambers and a plurality of oxygen chambers. Wherein, a hydrogen outlet channel, an oxygen outlet channel and a water inlet channel are formed in the expanded ion-exchange membrane electrolysis cell. The hydrogen outlet channel is coupled to each of the plurality of hydrogen chambers, and the oxygen outlet channel and the water inlet channel are coupled to each of the plurality of oxygen chambers to provide the expanded ion-exchange membrane electrolysis cell capable of diverting gas and liquid after electrolyzing water.

Provided is an electrolysis-type hydrogen gas suction tool which is portable and easily supply a predetermined amount of hydrogen gas. The suction tool is provided with a main body cover member having a battery, a control board which controls an electric power supply from the battery, and a pair of positive and negative electrodes which are applied current in relation to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery or are shielded the current application thereof on the basis of the control board, a water storable electrolysis tank which is detachably attached to the main body cover member and has a lower portion in which the pair of positive and negative electrodes is inserted inside under the attached state, a nozzle which has a through hole, and a mixing portion which has a flow channel fluidly connecting the nozzle portion and an upper end of the electrolysis tank.

A method of driving an active matrix electro-wetting on dielectric (AM-EWOD) device comprises (i) setting a reference electrode to a first reference voltage; (ii) writing a set of data to array element electrodes of array elements of the device; and (iii) either (a) maintaining the voltages written to the array element electrodes until a time t.sub.0 or (b) re-writing the set of data N1 times (where N2). The reference electrode is then set to a second reference voltage different from the first reference voltage, and features (i) to (iii) are repeated. When the data are first written, there is a delay between the time when the voltage on the reference electrode is transitioned and the time when a given array element is next written with data. Feature (iii) allows the time for which the correct data values are held to be increased relative to the time for which incorrect data values may possibly be held, so that the time for which an element may be in an incorrect state can be made insignificant in terms of its effect on unwantedly perturbing droplet operations.

An electrochemical cell includes a cathode and an anode disposed in a housing. Each of the cathode and anode portions extending radially outward from a region proximate a central axis of the housing. A surface area of an active surface of the anode is greater than a surface area of an internal surface of the housing. A surface area of an active surface of the cathode is greater than a surface area of an internal surface of the housing.

Disclosed herein are ion exchange membranes, electrochemical systems, and methods that relate to various configurations of the ion exchange membranes and other components of the electrochemical cell.

A water treatment system is disclosed having electrolytic cell for liberating hydrogen from a base solution. The base solution may be a solution of brine for generating sodium hypochlorite, or potable water to be oxidized. The cell has first and second opposing electrode end plates held apart from each other by a pair of supports such that the supports enclose opposing sides of the end plates to form a cell chamber. One or more inner electrode plates are spaced apart from each other in the cell chamber in between the first and second electrode plates. The supports are configured to electrically isolate the first and second electrode plates and the inner electrode plates from each other. The first and second electrode plates are configured to receive opposite polarity charges that passively charge the inner electrode plates via conduction from the base solution to form a chemical reaction in the base solution as the base solution passes through the cell chamber.