The present invention provides a bio-electrode composition capable of forming a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode that is excellent in conductivity and biocompatibility, is light-weight, can be manufactured at low cost, and can control significant reduction in conductivity even though the bio-electrode is soaked in water or dried. The present invention is accomplished by a bio-electrode composition including an ionic material and a resin, in which the ionic material is a lithium salt, a sodium salt, a potassium salt, a calcium salt, or an ammonium salt of sulphonamide represented by the following general formula (1).
[R.sup.1C(O)N.sup.SO.sub.2Rf.sub.1].sub.nM.sup.n+(1)

A biosignal measurement system comprises an adapter for a biosignal measurement device, and an external support structure separate from the adapter. The adapter comprises tool-less connectors, which are repeatedly connectable to and disconnectable from their counter connectors of the external support structure, and a device connector, which has an electrical connection with the tool-less connectors and which has a connection with the biosignal measurement device that the adapter carries. The external support structure comprises an electrode support structure with electrodes and tool-less counter connectors, the electrodes and the tool-less counter connectors having an electrical connection therebetween. The electrodes form an electrical contact with skin for receiving the biosignal. The counter connectors are in electrical contact with the connectors of the adapter for transferring the biosignal to the biosignal measurement device through the adapter.

Described herein are embodiments of methods and apparatus for diagnosing neuromuscular diseases using an impedance-EMG needle, and for generating electrical impedance images using an impedance needle. Some embodiments provide an apparatus including an impedance-EMG needle, including both EMG electrodes and impedance electrodes, to measure both active and passive electrical properties of muscle. Other embodiments provide an apparatus including an impedance needle, including a plurality of impedance electrodes to measure impedance in tissue surrounding the impedance needle to generate an electrical impedance image. Use of such methods and apparatus may be advantageous in improving the accuracy of assessing and diagnosing neuromuscular disease.

A disposable adhesive substrate, a medical device and a charging station are provided. In particular the substrate may be adapted to be arranged on the medical device, which correspondingly may be charged in the charging station. The medical device may be used for monitoring and treatment of bruxism.

Provided herein are a method and system are provided for the localization of clinically relevant electrophysiological signals necessary for the proper placement of the electrodes for nervous system stimulation. The system provides electrical and mechanical means to stimulate or excite neural structures in order to elicit specific neural responses. The method can include mechanical vibratory stimulation, cutaneous electrical stimulation, electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerves, or photic stimulation, and recording of local field potentials and extracting evoked potentials in response to stimulation. The method also includes extracting components of the evoked potentials that relate the signal in the evoked potentials to specific anatomical structures and localization of the source of the evoked potentials recorded so as to identify the location of the source relative to the recording electrode with high resolution by sampling the evoked potentials with a relative large (macro) electrode that is moved in small incremental steps.

A user-specific model of muscular activity can be used to control an external device based on muscular activity within a limb of a user. The user-specific model of muscular activity can include single movements and corresponding one or more primary muscle patterns. New single movements can be added to the user-specific model of muscular activity can be by a system that includes a processor by receiving user-specific EMG signals (including one or more EMG patterns that indicate a single movement); decomposing the user-specific EMG signals into the one or more EMG patterns in EMG feature space that indicate the single movement; and updating the user-specific model of muscular activity to include the single movement and corresponding one or more primary muscle patterns based on the one or more EMG patterns in EMG feature space.

The invention disclosed in this application is an electromyography needle that contains smaller internal electrodes. When inserted into a patient, the smaller electrodes are deployed from the main carrier needle into the surrounding muscle or tissue. The deployment of the multiple electrodes from a single needle increases the surface area for the electromyography test and reduces patient discomfort.

According to various aspects, a sensor system is provided comprising a first substrate configured to be coupled to a user, an electric field detector to detect a user electric field and comprising a second substrate, a proof mass positioned above the second substrate, one or more electrodes coupled to the second substrate, and a control circuit coupled to the one or more electrodes, the control circuit being configured to determine a change in capacitance between the proof mass and each electrode responsive to torsional movement of the proof mass responsive to the electric field, and a controller coupled to the first substrate and being configured to receive, from the detector, information indicative of each change in capacitance between the proof mass and each electrode, and determine, based on the information, characteristics of the electric field in at least two dimensions.

This document discloses an electrically conductive fiber coated with polythiophene and a carbon material. Also disclosed is an article of manufacture incorporating the conductive fiber.

The present invention provides a bio-electrode that is excellent in conductivity and biocompatibility, is light-weight, can be manufactured at low cost, and can control significant reduction in conductivity even though the bio-electrode is soaked in water or dried. The present invention is accomplished by providing a conductive substrate and a living body contact layer formed on the conductive substrate, where the living body contact layer is a cured product of a bio-electrode composition including an (A) ionic material and a (B) resin other than the component (A), in which the component (A) has both a repeating unit a of a lithium salt, a sodium salt, a potassium salt, or an ammonium salt of sulfonamide including a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a repeating unit b having a silicon atom, R.sup.1C(O)N.sup.SO.sub.2Rf.sub.1M.sup.+(1).