Water is a precious resource in the world, and hence it is imperative to find solutions for an effective use of water, including an efficient irrigation system. A method and apparatus is disclosed that effectively processes the images of the vegetation, determines the optimum weather conditions and the soil moisture conditions, controls irrigation schedules of vegetation to efficiently conserve water while maintaining vegetation health, and predicts the nutrition stress in plants for optimum application of fertilizer when necessary.

A structure-preserving composite model for skin lesion segmentation includes partitioning a dermoscopic image into superpixels at a first scale. Each superpixel is a vertex on a graph defined by color coordinates and spatial coordinates, and represents a number of pixels of the dermoscopic image according to the first scale. Further, constructing a plurality of k background templates by k-means clustering selected ones of the superpixels in space and color. Additionally, generating sparse representations of the plurality of superpixels based on the plurality of background templates. Also, calculating a reconstruction error for each superpixel by comparison of its sparse representation to its original color coordinates and spatial coordinates. Furthermore, outputting a confidence map that identifies each pixel of the dermoscopic image as belonging or not belonging to a skin lesion, based on the reconstruction errors of the representative superpixels.

A shape measurement apparatus includes a work stage supporting a target substrate, a pattern-projecting section including a light source, a grating part partially transmitting and blocking light generated by the light source to generate a grating image and a projecting lens part making the grating image on a measurement target of the target substrate, an image-capturing section capturing the grating image reflected by the measurement target of the target substrate, and a control section controlling the work stage, the pattern-projecting section and the image-capturing section, calculating a reliability index of the grating image and phases of the grating image, which is corresponding to the measurement target, and inspecting the measurement target by using the reliability index and the phases. Thus, the accuracy of measurement may be enhanced.

The present disclosure describes systems and methods for assessing biometric data and determining the type of additional processing required to conclude analysis. In one example, the disclosure describes a computer-implemented method comprising providing biometric data, defining one or more performance parameters, assessing the biometric data for quality of one or more features, wherein the quality includes at least a quantity and correlation between the one or more features, assessing the rarity of the one or more features, and processing the performance parameter, quality, and rarity to guide a determination of a type of additional processing.

The disclosure relates to a method and an arrangement for assessing the roadway surface being driven on by a vehicle. In a method according to the disclosure, on the basis of at least one image recorded with a camera that is present on the vehicle, the roadway surface being driven on by the vehicle is classified using a classifier. The classifier is trained on the basis of image features that are extracted from the at least one image, wherein a plurality of image details are defined in the at least one image. The extraction of image features is performed independently for each of these image details.

The present disclosure provides a method including providing a first image and a second image. The first image is of a substrate having a defect and the second image is of a reference substrate. A difference between the first image and the second image is determined. A simulation model is used to generate a simulation curve corresponding to the difference and the substrate dispositioned based on the simulation curve. In another embodiment, the scan of a substrate is used to generate a statistical process control chart.

A method for testing the reliability of an error detection of an image inspection method by using a computer includes producing a defective test image by superposing specific error elements on an error-free reference image, carrying out the image inspection method with the defective test image, comparing the errors found by the image inspection method with the error set to be expected with the aid of the known errors added to the test image, and evaluating the reliability of the image inspection method with the aid of the difference between found and expected errors.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for extracting two-dimensional fingerprints from high resolution three-dimensional surface data obtained from contactless, stand-off sensors. The system may include a three-dimensional sensor that generates three-dimensional surface data of a hand and one or more fingers of a subject and a processor, coupled to the three-dimensional sensor, and a memory associated with the processor, in which the processor executes instructions stored in the memory collect three-dimensional surface data of the subject hand and one or more subject fingers generated by the three-dimensional sensor, estimate a hand pose of the subject based on the collected three-dimensional surface data, unroll one or more two-dimensional fingerprints from the extracted fingerprint information, determine a fingerprint quality score for each of the one or more two-dimensional fingerprints and for each of the one or more two-dimensional fingerprints that have a sufficiently high determined fingerprint quality score, store the two-dimensional fingerprint.

A vehicle as a moving body is provided with an imaging device as first object detecting means and a radar apparatus as second object detecting means. The object recognition apparatus is provided with axis displacement learning means for learning an axis displacement of the reference axis X1 of the first object detecting means; axis displacement determining means for performing, based on an object detecting result of the first object detecting means and the second object detecting means, an axis displacement determination process for determining whether or not an axis displacement has occurred in the reference axis of the second object detecting means; and disabling means for disabling, based on a learning result of the axis displacement by the axis displacement learning means, information about an axis displacement of the second object detecting means acquired by the axis displacement determination process.

A terminal device includes: an acquiring unit that acquires image information; a displaying unit that displays the image information acquired by the acquiring unit; a receiving unit that receives an analysis position of image-quality unevenness from the image information displayed by the displaying unit; a detecting unit that detects pitch information by performing frequency analysis of the image information received by the receiving unit; a controlling unit that controls the displaying unit to display the pitch information detected by the detecting unit; and a storing unit that stores, as history information, the image information and the pitch information in association with the analysis position. The controlling unit controls the displaying unit to display the analysis position stored in the storing unit.