The present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a solar cell panel in an automated process by applying an adhesive pattern to a support, positioning a solar cell assembly over the pattern, and applying pressure to adhere the assembly to the support.

There is provided a method of producing a photovoltaic device comprising a photoactive region comprising a layer of perovskite material, wherein the layer of perovskite material is disposed on a surface that has a roughness average (R.sub.a) or root mean square roughness (R.sub.ms) of greater than or equal to 50 nm. The method comprises using vapour deposition to deposit a substantially continuous and conformal solid layer comprising one or more initial precursor compounds of the perovskite material, and subsequently treating the solid layer with one or more further precursor compounds to form a substantially continuous and conformal solid layer of the perovskite material on the rough surface. There is also provided a photovoltaic device comprising a photoactive region comprising a layer of perovskite material disposed using the method.

There is provided a method of producing a photovoltaic device comprising a photoactive region comprising a layer of perovskite material, wherein the layer of perovskite material is disposed on a surface that has a roughness average (R.sub.a) or root mean square roughness (R.sub.ms) of greater than or equal to 50 nm. The method comprises using vapour deposition to deposit a substantially continuous and conformal solid layer comprising one or more initial precursor compounds of the perovskite material, and subsequently treating the solid layer with one or more further precursor compounds to form a substantially continuous and conformal solid layer of the perovskite material on the rough surface. There is also provided a photovoltaic device comprising a photoactive region comprising a layer of perovskite material disposed using the method.

The present disclosure provides a hybrid heterojunction solar cell, a cell component, and a preparation method, the hybrid heterojunction solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate having a substrate front surface and a substrate back surface opposite to each other, wherein the substrate front surface is close to a light-facing side of the cell and the substrate back surface is close to a backlight side of the cell; at least two composite layers located on one side of the substrate front surface, each composite layer includes a multi-layer structure of a tunneling layer and a doped polysilicon layer sequentially arranged in a direction gradually away from the substrate front surface. The hybrid heterojunction solar cell, cell component and a preparation method provided by this disclosure can achieve a stable passivation effect on the cell surface, reduce light absorption in the non-metallic areas of the cell, and achieve better process control at the same time.

This application provides a heterojunction solar cell and a preparation method. The heterojunction solar cell includes: a silicon substrate being n-type or p-type doped, and having a front surface and a back surface opposite to each other; a first passivation layer and a second passivation layer sequentially located on the front surface of the silicon substrate; a third passivation layer and a fourth passivation layer sequentially located on the back surface of the silicon substrate; a silicon oxycarbide layer located on a surface of the fourth passivation layer away from the silicon substrate, wherein the silicon oxycarbide layer is n-type or p-type doped to form PN junction with the silicon substrate, an atomic percentage of carbon is greater than an atomic percentage of oxygen in the silicon oxycarbide layer. The heterojunction solar cell of the present application improves the performance of the solar cell. The carbon and the oxygen in the silicon oxycarbide layer have a fixed effect on the hydrogen, which is beneficial for reducing the loss of hydrogen.

This application provides a heterojunction solar cell and a preparation method. The heterojunction solar cell includes: a silicon substrate being n-type or p-type doped, and having a front surface and a back surface opposite to each other; a first passivation layer and a second passivation layer sequentially located on the front surface of the silicon substrate; a third passivation layer and a fourth passivation layer sequentially located on the back surface of the silicon substrate; a silicon oxycarbide layer located on a surface of the fourth passivation layer away from the silicon substrate, wherein the silicon oxycarbide layer is n-type or p-type doped to form PN junction with the silicon substrate, an atomic percentage of carbon is greater than an atomic percentage of oxygen in the silicon oxycarbide layer. The heterojunction solar cell of the present application improves the performance of the solar cell. The carbon and the oxygen in the silicon oxycarbide layer have a fixed effect on the hydrogen, which is beneficial for reducing the loss of hydrogen.

Provided are a back contact solar cell, a method for preparing a back contact solar cell, and a battery assembly. The back contact solar cell includes: a semiconductor substrate having a light receiving surface and a shady surface opposite to the light receiving surface, a first polarity structure formed in the first polarity region, and a second polarity structure formed in the second polarity region. The light receiving surface is a textured surface, and a surface of the first polarity region and a surface of the second polarity region are polished surfaces. According to the back contact solar cell of the present disclosure, a shady surface of the semiconductor substrate is combined with a passivation contact technology to form a hybrid back contact cell. Meanwhile, the shady surface of the semiconductor substrate is processed as a polished surface.

Provided are a pre-textured silicon wafer and a preparation method thereof, a textured wafer, and a solar cell. The pre-textured silicon wafer includes a substrate layer and a pre-textured layer provided on a surface of at least one side of the substrate layer. The pre-textured layer includes a plurality of protrusions, each protrusion is in a shape of a quadrangular frustum pyramid, and a length of a bottom edge of the protrusion ranges from 2 m to 8 m.

Provided are a pre-textured silicon wafer and a preparation method thereof, a textured wafer, and a solar cell. The pre-textured silicon wafer includes a substrate layer and a pre-textured layer provided on a surface of at least one side of the substrate layer. The pre-textured layer includes a plurality of protrusions, each protrusion is in a shape of a quadrangular frustum pyramid, and a length of a bottom edge of the protrusion ranges from 2 m to 8 m.

The present disclosure provides a hybrid heterojunction solar cell, a cell component, and a preparation method, the hybrid heterojunction solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate having a substrate front surface and a substrate back surface opposite to each other, wherein the substrate front surface is close to a light-facing side of the cell and the substrate back surface is close to a backlight side of the cell; at least two composite layers located on one side of the substrate front surface, each composite layer includes a multi-layer structure of a tunneling layer and a doped polysilicon layer sequentially arranged in a direction gradually away from the substrate front surface. The hybrid heterojunction solar cell, cell component and a preparation method provided by this disclosure can achieve a stable passivation effect on the cell surface, reduce light absorption in the non-metallic areas of the cell, and achieve better process control at the same time.