A method for treating a wastewater comprising phosphates and other nutrients and organic solids comprises feeding the wastewater into an acid gas digester where digestible carbohydrates in the wastewater undergo acidogenesis and acetogenesis forming volatile fatty acids and a suspended solids content to produce an organic acid digest. The acid gas digester effluent is fed into a plurality of harvesting anaerobic digesters connected in series downstream from the acid gas digester. A portion of the solubilized phosphates are precipitated from the wastewater in a first harvesting digester to produce a harvesting digester effluent from the first harvesting digester in the series having a reduced solubilized phosphate content. The harvesting digester effluent is fed into an anaerobic methane digester downstream of the last harvesting digester in the series. Organic solids in the harvesting digester effluent are converted into methane and a digested anaerobic sludge.

A method of removing chemical contaminants from a composition comprising an active, a solvent, and a contaminant can include providing an initial feed supply, wherein the initial feed supply comprises the active, the solvent, and the contaminant, wherein the contaminant can include 1,4 dioxane, dimethyl dioxane, or a combination thereof; including filtering the initial feed stock through a nanofilter.

A method of oxidizing a component of an aqueous medium is provided. The method includes adding an effective amount of an oxidizing composition to the aqueous medium. The oxidizing composition includes an ingredient, such as hydrogen peroxide, a percarbonate salt, a peroxy compound, a chlorite or alkali metal salt thereof, a chlorate or alkali metal salt thereof, or any combination thereof. The method also includes oxidizing the component. The component may be a metal, a mineral, a microbial metabolite, an organic molecule, or combination thereof. The method also includes modulating the application of the oxidizing composition based on a measured aqueous medium parameter.

Processes and systems for treating Kraft pulping foul condensate are provided. The processes comprise removing volatile compounds from the foul condensate to produce a resulting condensate and removing methanol from the resulting condensate. The systems comprise a volatile compound removal stage and a methanol removal stage downstream of and in fluid communication with the volatile removal stage.

Methods, systems, and compositions for oxidation are provided. The method comprises combining a macrocyclic ligand and metal complex catalyst, an electrolyte, the substrate, and water to form an aqueous composition. The method comprises applying an electrical voltage to the aqueous composition and oxidizing the substrate in the presence of the catalyst.

The present invention discloses a solvent assisted cavitation process for the removal of pollutants from waste water comprising treating waste water in a batch or continuous process in a cavitation device fed with 1-10% of an immiscible solvent resulting in a reduction in concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen and/or COD in the waste water.

The present invention provides a process for recovering glycol from a process stream comprising glycol, water, dissolved salts, and hydrocarbons. The process comprises subjecting the process stream to a salt-enrichment process to obtain a salt-enriched stream having a salt concentration higher than salt concentration of the process stream, and a salt-reduced stream; subjecting the salt-enriched stream to a glycol reclaiming process to separate the salts and at least a portion of the hydrocarbons from the salt enriched stream to obtain a substantially salt-free water-glycol stream; and blending the salt reduced stream from the salt-enrichment process with the substantially salt-free stream to produce a reclaimed water-glycol stream.

In one aspect, separation media are described herein operable for removing one or more water contaminants, including NOM, fluorinated chemicals, and/or derivatives thereof. Briefly, a separation medium comprises a silica-containing granular support; and an oligomeric stationary phase forming a film on individual grains of the granular support. In some embodiments, the oligomeric stationary phase comprises oligomeric chains covalently bound to the individual grains.

Methods and systems for removing or reducing water and producing epoxide. The methods may include providing a first mixture that includes t-butyl hydroperoxide, t-butyl alcohol, and a first amount of water; and contacting at least a portion of the first mixture with a membrane to reduce the amount of water in the first mixture.

An anode, a flow cell including the anode, and a method for electrocatalytic treatment of bio-oil and/or wastewater are disclosed. The anode comprises RuO.sub.2 particles on a titanium support. The method includes flowing a process stream through the flow cell in the absence of added hydrogen, at a temperature of 0 C. to 50 C. and atmospheric pressure, and applying a potential across the flow cell such that the anode is positive with respect to the cathode, thereby electrocatalytically oxidizing compounds in the process stream to produce a treated process stream at the anode and generating hydrogen gas as a byproduct at the cathode.