The present invention relates to a catalyst for producing light olefins from catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, wherein said catalyst comprises zeolite having the ring arrangement of 8 to 10 silicon atoms and hierarchical zeolite comprising 0.1 to 2 nm of micropore, 2 to 50 nm of mesopore, and greater than 50 nm of macropore, wherein the mesopore and macropore are greater than or equal to 40% when comparing to total pore volume, and said catalyst comprises element having 2.sup.+ to 4.sup.+ oxidation state with 0.1 to 3% by weight of the catalyst.

The present invention discloses a molecular sieve and its preparation method. The molecular sieve has micromorphology in a football shape and consists of molecular sieve framework and active elements. The molecular sieve framework comprises silicon element and aluminum element; the active elements comprise copper element and rare earth elements. The rare earth elements are one or more selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Sc and Y. The mass ratio of the silicon element to the aluminum element is 3-9:1. The content of the copper element in the molecular sieve is 1.5-3.2 wt %. The mass of rare earth elements is 50 ppm-2 wt % of the molecular sieve framework. The mass of the silicon element is calculated by silicon dioxide, the mass of aluminum element is calculated by aluminum oxide, the mass of copper element is calculated by copper oxides, and the mass of rare earth elements is calculated by rare earth oxides. The molecular sieve has a high catalytic activity in a temperature range of 175-550° C. and a good resistance to hydrothermal aging.

In accordance with the present subject matter there is provided a catalyst composition including 70-98% of a non-zeolitic material; and 2-30% of at least one zeolite material, the percentage being based on weight of the catalyst composition. The subject matter also relates to a method for preparation of the catalyst composition. The subject matter further relates to a process for the fluid catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock.

A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings less than or equal to 5.1 A and a cage defining ring size less than or equal to 7.45 A, where a C2/C3 carbon molar ratio of the product stream is greater than or equal to 0.7.

Catalysts containing a support and a metal oxide, and reactors and methods of using the catalysts in a carbonylation reaction, such as alcohol carbonylation and ester carbonylation, are described herein. The support is typically chemically inert and has a high surface area. The metal oxide typically contains a transition metal or a mixture of metals, such as rhenium, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, or a combination thereof. Typically, the metal oxide is mainly atomically dispersed on the surface of the support, as indicated by STEM. For example, at least 10% of the metal oxide is atomically dispersed on the surface of the support. The method includes (i) exposing a mixture of one or more alcohols or one or more esters and carbon monoxide to the catalyst. Typically, the one or more alcohols or one or more esters and carbon monoxide are in a gas phase.

The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising a gold nanoparticle superlattice embedded in hierarchical porous silica and a method for manufacturing the same. The catalyst composition comprising a gold nanoparticle superlattice embedded in hierarchical porous silica according to the present invention comprises micropores and mesopores in the superlattice, so that these pores are channelized to allow the rapid access of reactants to surfaces of gold nanoparticles, and the catalyst composition is very structurally stable and has excellent catalytic activity, and thus has an effect of exhibiting a CO conversion rate of 100% at room temperature.

The present invention provides a process to prepare middle distillates and base oils from a Fischer-Tropsch product, by (a) subjecting the Fischer-Tropsch product to a hydroprocessing step in the presence of a catalyst comprising a molecular sieve with a pore size between 5 and 7 angstrom and a SiO.sub.2/AlO.sub.3 ratio of at least 25, preferably from 50 to 180 and a group VIII metal to obtain a mixture comprising one or more middle distillate fractions and a first residual fraction and a naphtha fraction; (b) separating the mixture as obtained in step (a) by means of atmospheric distillation into one or more middle distillate fractions, a first residual fraction and a naphtha fraction; (c) separating the first residual fraction by means of vacuum distillation into at least a distillate base oil fraction and a second residual fraction.

Catalyst particles comprising one or more active metal components and methods for manufacturing such catalyst particles are provided. The particles are a composite of a granulating agent or binder material such as an inorganic oxide, and an ultra-stable Y (hereafter “USY”) zeolite in which some of the aluminum atoms in the framework are substituted with zirconium atoms and/or titanium atoms and/or hafnium atoms. The one or more active phase components are incorporated in a composite mixture of the inorganic oxide binder and the post-framework modified USY zeolite prior to forming the catalyst particles.

Catalyst systems are provided, along with corresponding methods, for single stage conversion of synthesis gas to fuel boiling range products with increased selectivity for either naphtha production (C.sub.5-C.sub.9) or distillate production (C.sub.10-C.sub.20). The increased selectivity for naphtha production or distillate production is provided in conjunction with a reduced selectivity for higher boiling range components (C.sub.21+).

The present disclosure relates to a process for converting one or more methyl halides to acyclic C3-C6 olefins, said process comprising the steps of (a) providing a feedstream comprising one or more methyl halides; (b) providing a catalyst composition; and (c) contacting said feedstream with said catalyst composition under reaction conditions. The process is remarkable in that said reaction conditions include a reaction temperature below 400° C., and in that said catalyst composition comprises one or more molecular sieves with a Si/Al atomic ratio ranging from 2 to 18 and wherein said one or more molecular sieves comprise a plurality of pores, wherein said pores have a shape of an 8-membered ring or less.