Described herein is a modular skate system that includes at least one modular skate component comprising a major surface, a core comprising a body formed from a first material, an outer layer formed from a second material, the outer layer surrounding at least a portion of the core, wherein the first material is different from the second material, and wherein the major surface comprises the outer layer.

A system (10) for generating markings on a playing surface (30) comprises a playing surface (30) including a phosphorescent material; and a display device (12) for irradiating the surface (30) with an electromagnetic radiation to generate a first set of markings on the surface (30).

A line striping system comprises a chassis, wheels, a spray system, a propulsion system and a steering system. The wheels are mounted under the chassis. The spray system is mounted on the chassis. The propulsion system is mounted on the chassis to drive a wheel. The steering system is coupled to the chassis. The steering system comprises a handlebar rotatatable to steer a wheel, and a speed bar pivotable to control the propulsion system.

The apparatus has a playing background of a collection of electronic markers or, a playing background of a collection of electronic markers, and one or more motional elements which are also able to process electrical signals. The method of using the apparatus includes generating several observable signals during a period of time, each representing an instruction to the player for the motion of the one or more motional elements of the game through the playing background in various combinations, chosen from passing a marker on a particular side, with a distinct observable signal for each possible side to pass a marker by or a subset thereof containing at least two members; or moving in the direction from near the current marker to a neighbouring one, with a distinct observable signal for each possible direction or a subset thereof containing at least two members; or moving through the line segment or region defined by a group of adjacent markers; or, in the case where the height level of the markers vary, moving from one part of the playing background to another; or, in the case of a playing background consisting of several, separate lines each split into smaller segments, travelling over a particular segment; or, in the case of a playing background consisting of a surface that is fully covered by a collection of non-overlapping markers, moving from one marker to another. The observable signals will appear on either one or both of one or more of the markers; or, one or more of the motional elements. All signals will be generated automatically by one or more of the markers; or, by one or more of the motional elements; or, by one or more separate devices; or, by some combination thereof; and such signals will collectively define an observable path through the playing background.

We generally describe an audio-based line fault detection system for a sports game. The audio-based line fault detection system comprises one or more audio sensors (102) for sensing an audio signal generated by a sports gaming device bouncing off a sports field. The sports field comprises surface modifications applied to a line and/or an area adjacent to the line on the sports field such that the generated audio signal is dependent on whether or not the sports gaming device bounces off the sports field where the surface modifications are applied. The detection system is configured to generate a sound profile from the audio signal sensed by the one or more audio sensors (102). The detection system is further configured to identify a bounce type based on the sound profile, wherein the bounce type is defined by whether or not the sports gaming device has bounced off the sports field where the surface modifications are applied.

A template for properly determining the positions for the yardline numbers of an American-style football field includes a generally rectangular frame having an external perimeter and an internal opening defined by an internal perimeter. The shape of the internal opening, and the corresponding shape of the internal perimeter, is such that for each of the yardline numbers, i.e. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0, the internal perimeter defines a plurality of locations for abutting a corresponding plurality of outer edge portions of the yardline number. With the external perimeter appropriately aligned along one or more lines of the field, the frame can be used to properly locate any one of the six yardline numbers that are needed to properly locate all of the yardline numbers on an American-style football field. This frame reduces the number of templates needed to locate the yardline numbers of a football field, and also simplifies the process of properly locating the yardline numbers.

A backpack is disclosed for a personal transport vehicle including, in some embodiments, a back piece including a molded front panel, a securing device, a padded back panel, and a shoulder strap system. The molded front panel includes at least two ridges configured for placement of at least a portion of a body of the personal transport vehicle between the ridges. The securing device, which is attached to a first ridge of the ridges, is configured to cross over the molded front panel to a second ridge of the ridges to secure the body of the personal transport vehicle between the ridges when present. The padded back panel is configured to rest against a backpack wearer's back. The shoulder strap system includes a pair of shoulder straps extending from a top portion of the back piece, across the back panel, and to a medial portion of the back panel.

Provided is a method for marking a ground surface according to a predefined marking pattern using a system including a robot unit and a local base station including acts of providing two flag points, receiving global positioning data of the robot unit using a robot GNSS receiver, receiving global positioning data of the local base station using a base GNSS receiver, and establishing a local base station position using the received global positioning data of the local base station. A method wherein the predefined marking pattern is arranged relative to said two flag point positions and wherein the local base station position is a system reference point of the system. The disclosed relates furthermore to a system for marking a ground surface according to a predefined marking pattern and the use thereof or parts thereof.

Provided is a method for marking a ground surface according to a predefined marking pattern using a system including a robot unit and a local base station including acts of providing two flag points, receiving global positioning data of the robot unit using a robot GNSS receiver, receiving global positioning data of the local base station using a base GNSS receiver, and establishing a local base station position using the received global positioning data of the local base station. A method wherein the predefined marking pattern is arranged relative to the two flag point positions and wherein the local base station position is a system reference point of the system. Also provided is a system for marking a ground surface according to a predefined marking pattern and the use thereof or parts thereof.

Provided is a method for marking a ground surface according to a predefined marking pattern using a system including a robot unit and a local base station including acts of providing two flag points, receiving global positioning data of the robot unit using a robot GNSS receiver, receiving global positioning data of the local base station using a base GNSS receiver, and establishing a local base station position using the received global positioning data of the local base station. A method wherein the predefined marking pattern is arranged relative to the two flag point positions and wherein the local base station position is a system reference point of the system. Also provided is a system for marking a ground surface according to a predefined marking pattern and the use thereof or parts thereof.