A dust collecting module of a desulfurizing apparatus for removing sulfur oxides is easily installed and facilitates the application of a high voltage to discharge electrodes. The dust collecting module includes an arrangement of discharge electrodes and dust collecting electrodes alternately disposed and spaced apart from each other, the discharge electrodes configured to be charged to a predetermined voltage for generating a corona discharge between the discharge electrodes and the dust collecting electrodes; a first setting beam having a plurality of lower slots into which the discharge electrodes are securely inserted; and a lower frame extending in a stacking direction of the discharge electrodes to support the discharge electrodes, wherein the predetermined voltage is applied to the discharge electrodes through the lower frame and the first setting beam. The dust collecting module may further include an insulating connecting member from which the lower frame is suspended.

Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl and/or Hg in a process employing a combination of a lime-based sorbent, in particular hydrated lime and/or dolomitic hydrated lime, and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO.sub.x and/or HCl and/or Hg-containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl and/or Hg reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.

Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl and/or Hg in a process employing a combination of a lime-based sorbent, in particular hydrated lime and/or dolomitic hydrated lime, and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO.sub.x and/or HCl and/or Hg-containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl and/or Hg reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.

A dust collecting module for reducing vibration by maintaining a distance between electrodes includes an arrangement of discharge electrodes and dust collecting electrodes alternately disposed and spaced apart from each other, the discharge electrodes configured to be charged to a predetermined voltage for generating a corona discharge between the discharge electrodes and the dust collecting electrodes, at least one dust collecting electrode of the dust collecting electrodes having a first hole; a first hole jig received in the first hole and fixed to the at least one dust collecting electrode, the first hole jig having a larger thickness than the at least one dust collecting electrode; a first tie rod coupled to the discharge electrodes and configured to pass through and fix the discharge electrodes by being fitted into the first hole jig; and a second tie rod coupled to the dust collecting electrodes to fix the dust collecting electrodes.

A dust collecting module for reducing vibration by maintaining a distance between electrodes includes an arrangement of discharge electrodes and dust collecting electrodes alternately disposed and spaced apart from each other, the discharge electrodes configured to be charged to a predetermined voltage for generating a corona discharge between the discharge electrodes and the dust collecting electrodes, at least one dust collecting electrode of the dust collecting electrodes having a first hole; a first hole jig received in the first hole and fixed to the at least one dust collecting electrode, the first hole jig having a larger thickness than the at least one dust collecting electrode; a first tie rod coupled to the discharge electrodes and configured to pass through and fix the discharge electrodes by being fitted into the first hole jig; and a second tie rod coupled to the dust collecting electrodes to fix the dust collecting electrodes.

A flue gas desulfurization unit is converted from operating with lime or magnesium enhanced lime under inhibited oxidation into a unit that operates using limestone under inhibited oxidation conditions. A ball mill grinding unit may be installed to crush the limestone thereby producing a suspended slurry of fine limestone particles which is pumped to the reaction vessel. When installed, the ball mill may be installed in the process immediately downstream of the existing slaking equipment. The suspended solution may be maintained at a pH in the range of 3.0 to 6.5, optimally at approximately 5.0 to increase the dissolution rate of the limestone reagent produced by the ball mill. The post-conversion process may also require the addition of organic acids and oxidation inhibitors to achieve better SO.sub.2 removal from the flue gas.

A flue gas desulfurization unit is converted from operating with lime or magnesium enhanced lime under inhibited oxidation into a unit that operates using limestone under inhibited oxidation conditions. A ball mill grinding unit may be installed to crush the limestone thereby producing a suspended slurry of fine limestone particles which is pumped to the reaction vessel. When installed, the ball mill may be installed in the process immediately downstream of the existing slaking equipment. The suspended solution may be maintained at a pH in the range of 3.0 to 6.5, optimally at approximately 5.0 to increase the dissolution rate of the limestone reagent produced by the ball mill. The post-conversion process may also require the addition of organic acids and oxidation inhibitors to achieve better SO.sub.2 removal from the flue gas.

The present invention is related to a process for manufacturing a sorbent suitable for a use in a circulating dry scrubber device comprising the steps of: providing quicklime and water in an hydrator; slaking said quicklime via a non-wet route in the hydrator; collecting a lime based sorbent at an exit of the hydrator. The process is characterized in that it comprises a further step of adding at least a first additive comprising: a compound comprising silicon, and/or, a compound comprising aluminum, and/or a compound comprising silicon and aluminum before or during said slaking step, at a molar ratio between silicon or aluminum or a combination thereof and the calcium provided to said hydrator equal to or below 0.2 and equal to or above 0.02. In some other aspects, the present invention is related to a sorbent, a premix, and a flue gas treatment process.

The present invention is related to a process for manufacturing a sorbent suitable for a use in a circulating dry scrubber device comprising the steps of: providing quicklime and water in an hydrator; slaking said quicklime via a non-wet route in the hydrator; collecting a lime based sorbent at an exit of the hydrator. The process is characterized in that it comprises a further step of adding at least a first additive comprising: a compound comprising silicon, and/or, a compound comprising aluminum, and/or a compound comprising silicon and aluminum before or during said slaking step, at a molar ratio between silicon or aluminum or a combination thereof and the calcium provided to said hydrator equal to or below 0.2 and equal to or above 0.02. In some other aspects, the present invention is related to a sorbent, a premix, and a flue gas treatment process.

An apparatus for evaporating waste water and reducing flue gas acid gas emissions includes an evaporator device configured to receive a portion of flue gas emitted from a combustion unit and waste water for direct contact of the flue gas with the waste water to cool and humidify the flue gas, and to evaporate the waste water. An alkaline reagent as well as activated carbon may be mixed with the waste water prior to waste water contact with the flue gas. Solid particulates that are dried and entrained within the cooled and humidified flue gas can be separated from the flue gas via a particulate collector.