Combustion systems are provided that can include a combustion assembly operatively engaged with an air intake, wherein the air intake performs air enrichment.

Methods for enriching air to a combustion assembly are also provided. The methods can include: forming an N.sub.2-rich stream and an O.sub.2-rich stream from a first air stream; supplementing a second air stream with the O.sub.2-rich stream to enrich the second air stream with O.sub.2; and combusting the enriched air stream.

Systems for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas are also provided. The systems can include a vortex tube assembly operably coupled to a component of the system that provides pressurized N.sub.2.

Methods for heating or cooling components of a system for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas are also provided. The methods can include: providing compressed nitrogen from one or more components of the system to a vortex tube to form a heated nitrogen stream and cooled nitrogen stream; providing the heated nitrogen stream to components benefiting from a heat source; and providing the cooled nitrogen stream to components benefiting from a cooling source.

Systems for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas can also include a separation assembly that includes a membrane assembly configured to separate CO.sub.2 from N.sub.2.

Methods for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas can also include providing a flue gas stream comprising CO.sub.2 and N.sub.2 to a first membrane separation system to form a CO.sub.2-rich stream and an N.sub.2-rich stream.

Combustion systems are provided that can include a combustion assembly operatively engaged with an air intake, wherein the air intake performs air enrichment.

Methods for enriching air to a combustion assembly are also provided. The methods can include: forming an N.sub.2-rich stream and an O.sub.2-rich stream from a first air stream; supplementing a second air stream with the O.sub.2-rich stream to enrich the second air stream with O.sub.2; and combusting the enriched air stream.

Systems for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas are also provided. The systems can include a vortex tube assembly operably coupled to a component of the system that provides pressurized N.sub.2.

Methods for heating or cooling components of a system for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas are also provided. The methods can include: providing compressed nitrogen from one or more components of the system to a vortex tube to form a heated nitrogen stream and cooled nitrogen stream; providing the heated nitrogen stream to components benefiting from a heat source; and providing the cooled nitrogen stream to components benefiting from a cooling source.

Systems for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas can also include a separation assembly that includes a membrane assembly configured to separate CO.sub.2 from N.sub.2.

Methods for separating CO.sub.2 from flue gas can also include providing a flue gas stream comprising CO.sub.2 and N.sub.2 to a first membrane separation system to form a CO.sub.2-rich stream and an N.sub.2-rich stream.

Provided is a method of fixing a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide contained in a carbon dioxide-containing gas (e.g., a plant exhaust gas) simply, at low cost, and efficiently. The method of fixing carbon dioxide includes a contact step of bringing a carbon dioxide-containing gas into contact with powdery or grainy particles, which are each formed of a cementitious hardened body and each have a particle size of 40 mm or less, at a temperature of from 75° C. to 110° C. to fix carbon dioxide contained in the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the powdery or grainy particles, wherein the relative humidity of the carbon dioxide-containing gas is adjusted in accordance with the particle size of the powdery or grainy particles and the state of adjustment of moisture content of the powdery or grainy particles before the contact step.

Provided is a method of fixing a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide contained in a carbon dioxide-containing gas (e.g., a plant exhaust gas) simply, at low cost, and efficiently. The method of fixing carbon dioxide includes a contact step of bringing a carbon dioxide-containing gas into contact with powdery or grainy particles, which are each formed of a cementitious hardened body and each have a particle size of 40 mm or less, at a temperature of from 75° C. to 110° C. to fix carbon dioxide contained in the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the powdery or grainy particles, wherein the relative humidity of the carbon dioxide-containing gas is adjusted in accordance with the particle size of the powdery or grainy particles and the state of adjustment of moisture content of the powdery or grainy particles before the contact step.

A self-disinfecting antiviral filter material 10 includes an air-permeable carrier 11 and a composite coating 12 including at least one color pigment 13 with antiviral activity and an inorganic matrix material 14 bonded to the carrier 11. The at least one color pigment 13 preferably includes at least one compound from the group of phthalocyanines. The matrix material is preferably selected from the group including metal oxides. An air filter device including the self-disinfecting antiviral filter material, a method of manufacturing the filter material, and a method of inactivating viruses are also described.

A self-disinfecting antiviral filter material 10 includes an air-permeable carrier 11 and a composite coating 12 including at least one color pigment 13 with antiviral activity and an inorganic matrix material 14 bonded to the carrier 11. The at least one color pigment 13 preferably includes at least one compound from the group of phthalocyanines. The matrix material is preferably selected from the group including metal oxides. An air filter device including the self-disinfecting antiviral filter material, a method of manufacturing the filter material, and a method of inactivating viruses are also described.

Provided is a simple and low-cost method for efficiently fixing a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide contained in a carbon dioxide-containing gas (e.g. a plant exhaust gas). The method of fixing carbon dioxide comprises a contact step of bringing a carbon dioxide-containing gas having a temperature of 350° C. or more into contact with a cementitious hardened body to fix carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the cementitious hardened body. The carbon dioxide-containing gas may be a gas that is free from being supplied with moisture before the contact step and during the contact step. One of examples of the carbon dioxide-containing gas is a plant exhaust gas.

Provided is a simple and low-cost method for efficiently fixing a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide contained in a carbon dioxide-containing gas (e.g. a plant exhaust gas). The method of fixing carbon dioxide comprises a contact step of bringing a carbon dioxide-containing gas having a temperature of 350° C. or more into contact with a cementitious hardened body to fix carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the cementitious hardened body. The carbon dioxide-containing gas may be a gas that is free from being supplied with moisture before the contact step and during the contact step. One of examples of the carbon dioxide-containing gas is a plant exhaust gas.

A pyrazole metal complex for absorption of carbon dioxide, a method for preparing the pyrazole metal complex, and a method for absorbing carbon dioxide are provided; wherein the product produced by reacting pyrazole metal complex and carbon dioxide may be transformed into several economically valuable compounds.

A pyrazole metal complex for absorption of carbon dioxide, a method for preparing the pyrazole metal complex, and a method for absorbing carbon dioxide are provided; wherein the product produced by reacting pyrazole metal complex and carbon dioxide may be transformed into several economically valuable compounds.