A filter element comprises a membrane layer; and a feed spacer on the membrane layer, wherein the feed spacer comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged in three dimensions, wherein each of the plurality of unit cells comprises a cavity defined by a triply periodic minimal surface, and wherein the cavities of the plurality of unit cells are interconnected to allow a fluid to pass through the cavities of the plurality of unit cells.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to systems, apparatus, and methods for fluid purification (e.g., water) with a ceramic membrane. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to a cross-flow fluid filtration assembly comprising (a) membrane housing comprising a plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes (b) an inlet configured to receive the contaminated fluid and to channel a contaminated fluid to the first end of the plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes, and (c) an outlet configured to receive a permeate released from the second end of the plurality of hexagonal shaped membranes. The present disclosure also relates to a cross-flow fluid filtration module comprising a fluid path defined by a contaminated media inlet chamber, a fluid filtration assembly positioned in a permeate chamber and a concentrate chamber.

Disclosed are an integrated composite filter cartridge (200) and a water purifying system (300) having same. The integrated composite filter cartridge (200) comprises: an outer shell (20), wherein a chamber (21) is defined in the outer shell (20), and the outer shell (20) is provided with a raw water inlet (22), a pre-treated water outlet (23), a pre-treated water inlet (24), a purified water outlet (25) and a waste water outlet (26) which are in communication with the chamber (21); a pre-treatment filter cartridge (100); a central pipe (30); a filter membrane (40); and a control member, which is connected to the pre-treated water outlet (23) and the pre-treated water inlet (24). When the integrated composite filter cartridge (200) is used for the first time, the control member switches on the raw water inlet (22) and the pre-treated water outlet (23) and switches off the pre-treated water inlet (24).

The invention relates to obtaining a nanofiber membrane by coating a hollow braided rope (3) with a nanofiber layer (2), to the usage of said tubular nanofiber membrane as a support layer membrane, and to the fabrication of forward osmosis membrane by coating the surface thereof with thin composite film (1). Particularly, a tubular nanofiber forward osmosis membrane used in water & waste water treatment and desalination processes with high water flux, low reverse salt flux, as well as a low tendency of fouling, and the manufacturing method thereof are disclosed herein.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to systems, apparatus, and methods for fluid purification (e.g., water) with a ceramic membrane. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to a cross-flow fluid filtration assembly comprising (a) membrane housing comprising a plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes (b) an inlet configured to receive the contaminated fluid and to channel a contaminated fluid to the first end of the plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes, and (c) an outlet configured to receive a permeate released from the second end of the plurality of hexagonal shaped membranes. The present disclosure also relates to a cross-flow fluid filtration module comprising a fluid path defined by a contaminated media inlet chamber, a fluid filtration assembly positioned in a permeate chamber and a concentrate chamber.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to systems, apparatus, and methods for fluid purification (e.g., water) with a ceramic membrane. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to a cross-flow fluid filtration assembly comprising (a) membrane housing comprising a plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes (b) an inlet configured to receive the contaminated fluid and to channel a contaminated fluid to the first end of the plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes, and (c) an outlet configured to receive a permeate released from the second end of the plurality of hexagonal shaped membranes. The present disclosure also relates to a cross-flow fluid filtration module comprising a fluid path defined by a contaminated media inlet chamber, a fluid filtration assembly positioned in a permeate chamber and a concentrate chamber.

A composite ion conducting tube is made by wrapping a support material or ion conducting sheet to from a tube having overlaps of layers that are bonded. The ion conducting sheet or tape used to make the tube may be very thin and the tube may be formed in situ by wrapping the support material and then coating with ion conducting polymer. The ion conducting tubes may be used in a pervaporation module or desalination system. The ion conducting tubes may be spirally wrapped or longitudinally wrapped and may be very thin having a tube wall thickness of no more than 25 microns.

The present disclosure provides a reverse osmosis filter elements for separating components of a fluid mixture. The filter elements comprise self-supporting membrane vanes comprising porous supporting strips and at least one reverse osmosis membrane layer laminated thereon. These filter elements have a permeate flow channel between the inner surface of the two porous supporting strips and an open feed water flow channel dispersed around the membrane vane. These filter elements can be used in new and existing filtration plants, such as desalination systems, and have a wide range of advantages over the spiral wound filter elements currently available.

Disclosed herein are rolled-membrane microfluidic diffusion devices and corresponding methods of manufacture. Also disclosed herein are three-dimensionally printed microfluidic devices and corresponding methods of manufacture. Optionally, the disclosed microfluidic devices can function as artificial lung devices.

Composite polyether block amide (PEBA) copolymer tubes incorporate an ultra-thin PEBA layer that enables rapid moisture transfer and exchange through the tube. A composite PEBA film may include a porous scaffold support and may be formed or incorporated into the composite PEBA tube. A porous scaffold support may be coated or imbibed with PEBA to form a composite PEBA film. A composite PEBA film may be wrapped on a mandrel or over a porous scaffold support to form a composite PEBA tube. A film layer may be applied over a wrapped composite PEBA film to secure the layers together. The film layer by applied by dipping, spraying or painting.