There is provided a system and method for angstrom confinement of trapped ions. The method including: receiving water molecules and ionic compounds in a first reservoir, an angstrom confinement assembly is positioned between the first reservoir and a second reservoir, the angstrom confinement assembly defining angstrom conduits; and repeatedly applying an electric field across a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode on a same side of the angstrom confinement assembly as the first reservoir and the second electrode on a same side of the angstrom confinement assembly as the second reservoir, the electric field applied such that, when the electric field is applied, positive ions of the ionic compounds are induced to flow through the angstrom conduits, and wherein, when the electric field is not applied, water molecules flow into the angstrom conduits due to capillary forces to confine the positive ions in the angstrom conduits.

The present disclosure relates to a ceramic graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane which is high in mechanical stability while having ion removal ability by alternately stacking GO and PEI on a ceramic nanomembrane by allowing a carboxyl group (—COOH) and an amine group (—NH.sub.2) to form a covalent bond in the presence of N-ethyl-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), thereby forming an amide group (—CONH), and a method for manufacturing the same.

A membrane distillation (MD) system consisting of a membrane module and carbon nanotube immobilized membrane for organic solvent separation is disclosed. The MD module includes a feed inlet and outlet, a sweep gas inlet, and a sweep gas outlet. Thermostats are positioned at the feed inlet and outlet to measure the change in temperature. Preferential sorption of the organic on carbon nanotube immobilized membrane contributes to enhanced solvent removal of the MD system. A pervaporation (PV) system consisting of a membrane module and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) mixed matrix membranes with graphene oxide (GO)—carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for enhanced purification of the alcohol solution after membrane distillation to remove trace amount of water is disclosed.

The present disclosure generally relates to liquid separation membranes. The present disclosure also relates to membranes comprising at least a nanoporous hydrophilic layer and a porous hydrophobic substrate. The present disclosure also relates to a process for preparing the membranes and to use of the membranes in pervaporation and/or membrane distillation processes including desalination and/or solvent dehydration.

Atomically thin layers including pores, their method of manufacture, and their use are disclosed. In some embodiments, pores may be formed in an atomically thin layer by growing the atomically thin layer on exposed portions of a substrate that includes islands comprising a material that is different than the material of the substrate. In some embodiments, pores and/or defects may be formed in an atomically thin layer by employing growth conditions that promote the formation of defects and/or pores. In certain embodiments, pores and/or defects may be etched to enlarge their size.

The present disclosure relates to an alkylated graphene oxide membrane comprising a plurality of graphene oxide layers, each graphene oxide layer including at least one graphene oxide sheet covalently coupled to a chemical spacer, the chemical spacer being of Formula I:

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The present disclosure also relates to a filtration apparatus comprising an alkylated graphene oxide membrane disposed on a support substrate.

Method of treating a textile article by impregnation with a water dispersion of graphene nano-platelets in an impregnation bath comprising also a polymeric binder and an anti-migration and wetting agent. Graphene is fixed in the textile article to improve its thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as its filtering power and germ-blocking properties.

Provided is a porous composite membrane including graphene oxide sheets; nanoparticles bound to a surface of the graphene oxide sheets solely by electrostatic and/or Van der Waals interactions. The present invention also relates to a method of producing the porous composite membrane, a gas separation system including the porous composite membrane, and uses of the porous composite membrane in a process for separating H.sub.2 from a gas stream and a process for reducing H.sub.2O swelling in a graphene oxide-based membrane.

Various systems and processes are directed to filtering organic compounds using nanoporous membranes and osmosis. In various implementations, the nanoporous membrane can be trained on one or more organic compounds such that the nanoporous membrane preferentially allows the one or more organic compounds to permeate the nanoporous membrane to the exclusion of other compounds. In some implementations, the nanoporous membrane is trained on ethanol such that the nanoporous membrane preferentially allows ethanol to permeate the nanoporous membrane to the exclusion of other compounds, such as water or other compounds or mixtures. In some implementations, the selective ethanol permeation of the nanoporous membrane may occur even where the other compounds have smaller molecules than ethanol.

A porous graphene film, its manufacturing method and an electronic product are provided. The method of manufacturing the porous graphene film includes: mixing a dispersion liquid of graphene with a dispersion liquid of particles, and performing a film-forming process to form a mixed film of graphene and particles; and removing the particles in the mixed film of graphene and particles to form the porous graphene film. The porous graphene film prepared by the method has a large specific surface area and an excellent electroconductivity.