The present invention relates to a biocompatible task specific hybrid solvent (TSHS) composition that synergistically increases the carbon capture efficiency and utilizes less energy for CO.sub.2 desorption over the existing solutions. Further, the process of synthesizing such composition is discussed in this disclosure. Also, the present disclosure provides a process that involves a task specific hybrid solvent (TSHS) composition for selective capturing CO.sub.2 from any gaseous stream.

The present invention relates to an absorption solvent and, more particularly, to an absorption solvent for removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous mixture having high carbon dioxide partial pressure.

The use of an amine of the formula (I) ##STR00001##
in which the R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 radicals are each as defined in the description, and an absorbent and a process for removing acidic gases from a fluid stream, especially for selectively removing hydrogen sulfide over carbon dioxide. The invention also relates to particular amines suitable for selective removal of hydrogen sulfide. Absorbents based on amines of the formula (I) have high selectivity, high loading capacity and good regeneration capacity.

The present invention relates to a method for the production of sodium bicarbonate, particularly for producing sodium bicarbonate on an industrial scale, the method comprising the steps of: a. treating a carbonaceous feedstock to form a product stream comprising up to 10 v/v % carbon dioxide; b. capturing at least a portion of the carbon dioxide from the product stream to form a carbon dioxide stream; c. feeding the carbon dioxide stream to a reaction vessel; d. feeding an aqueous sodium carbonate solution to the reaction vessel; e. contacting at least a portion of the carbon dioxide stream with at least a portion of the aqueous sodium carbonate solution to form a slurry comprising solid sodium bicarbonate; and f. separating the solid component of the slurry from the liquid component of the slurry to provide solid sodium bicarbonate and an aqueous liquor.

A premixture for producing an absorbent for removing acid gases from a fluid stream containing a) at least a tertiary amine and/or a sterically hindered secondary amine; b) a dicarboxylic acid in an amount, calculated as neutralization equivalent based on the protonatable nitrogen atoms in a), of at least 30%, wherein the dicarboxylic acid has a solubility in water at a temperature of 20° C. of not more than 15 g of dicarboxylic acid per 100 g of water; and c) 20 to 80 wt % of water. Also described is a process for producing an absorbent from the premixture. The premixture is a transportable and readily handleable solution of a dicarboxylic acid having poor solubility in water for producing an absorbent for removing acid gases from a fluid stream.

A method of scavenging acid sulfide species from an industrial or environmental material, the method comprising contacting the material with: (a) propenal and/or maleimide and/or ethyl-2-chloroacetoacetate; and (b) a base.

A process for the absorption of a target gaseous component from a gas stream comprising the steps of: contacting the gas stream with an absorber comprising an liquid absorbent for absorbing the target gaseous component to produce a rich liquid absorbent stream and a non target gaseous component, said non target gaseous component including water vapour; treating the rich liquid absorbent stream in a desorber to thereby release the target gaseous component and a water vapour component into a desorber gas stream and produce a lean liquid absorbent stream; and forming a recovered water stream from the output of a water separator for separating the water vapour from the target gaseous component, said water separator forming part of the absorber and/or the desorber. The lean liquid absorbent stream exiting the desorber is treated with a forward osmosis (FO) membrane unit comprising a water permeable membrane, wherein the membrane unit transfers water from a salt water stream through the water permeable membrane to the lean liquid absorbent stream, thereby replenishing at least part of the water removed in the process.

A system (5) for regeneration of acidic gas solvent comprises a regeneration cell having a solvent chamber (100) arranged to receive a solvent flow and an internal chamber (92) arranged to receive a steam flow (110). The regeneration cell also includes a gas permeable membrane (95) separating the solvent chamber (100) and internal chamber (92). The regeneration cell is arranged to vent acidic gas stripped from the solvent by the steam. A method for regenerating acidic gas solvent is also provided.

One variation of a method for carbon sequestration includes: mixing ambient air including carbon dioxide and secondary gases with a working fluid to generate a first mixture; conveying the first mixture through a compressor to pressurize the first mixture from a first pressure to a second pressure greater than the first pressure to promote absorption of carbon dioxide into the working fluid; depositing the first mixture in a high-pressure vessel to generate an exhaust stream of secondary gases and a second mixture including carbon dioxide dissolved in the working fluid; conveying the second mixture through a turbine configured to extract energy and reduce pressure of the second mixture, from the second pressure to the first pressure, to promote desorption of carbon dioxide from the working fluid; transferring the second mixture into the low-pressure vessel; and releasing carbon dioxide, desorbed from the working fluid, from the low-pressure vessel for collection.

An anesthetic circuit is provided for treating a patient. The anesthetic circuit includes a membrane having a plurality of hollow fibers. Also provided is a fluid separation apparatus connectable to an anesthetic circuit. In a further embodiment, a method is provided for anesthetic treatment of a patient.