An air cleaner includes: a body formed with an air suction hole defined on a side of the body, and allowing air to be introduced into the body therethrough; a metal casing into which an upper section of the body is inserted from below; a flow creation mechanism disposed inside the casing to create an air flow into and through the air cleaner; a filter disposed in the body between the air suction hole and the flow creation mechanism configured to purify air; a capacitive switch partially exposed outside the casing through a switch exposure hole defined through the casing; and a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed between one side wall of the upper section of the body and an inner wall of the casing.

This disclosure is directed to catalyst compositions, catalytic articles for purifying exhaust gas emissions and methods of making and using the same. In particular, the disclosure relates to a catalytic article including a catalytic material on a substrate, wherein the catalytic material has a first layer and a second layer. The first layer provides effective lean NO.sub.x trap functionality and the second layer provides effective three-way conversion of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x).

The invention provides an emission control system for treatment of an exhaust gas stream that includes an oxidation catalyst composition disposed on a substrate in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream; at least one selective catalytic reduction (SCR) composition disposed on a substrate downstream from the oxidation catalyst composition, and a hydrogen injection article configured to introduce hydrogen into the exhaust gas stream upstream of the oxidation catalyst composition or downstream of the oxidation catalyst composition and upstream of the at least one SCR composition. The invention also provides a method of treating an exhaust gas stream, the method including receiving the exhaust gas stream into the emission control system of the invention and intermittently introducing hydrogen upstream of the oxidation catalyst article or downstream of the oxidation catalyst article and upstream stream of the SCR article.

Described are three-way conversion (TWC) catalytic articles effective to abate hydrocarbons (HCs), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) from an engine exhaust gas containing phosphorous impurities. The disclosed catalytic article has a layered catalytic material, wherein the first layer of the catalytic material is disposed directly on the substrate and a second layer is disposed on top of the first layer. The second layer includes phosphorus resistant materials that prevent catalytic poisoning of the catalytic article by the phosphorous impurities. In particular, the second layer includes a phosphorus trap material having an alkaline earth metal component and a rhodium component impregnated on a phosphorus-resistant support material.

A method for preparing an SCR catalyst may include: (1) placing a first aqueous solution containing a titanium oxide and a tungstate in an electric field environment, adjusting the pH value of the first aqueous solution, and adjusting the current direction of the electric field environment to obtain a first mixture; (2) providing a second mixture by, in the electric field environment, adding dropwise a second aqueous solution containing a soluble salt of one or more active components, a copper-organic polyamine complex and a dispersant to the first mixture, and adjusting the current direction; and (3) processing the second mixture to obtain the SCR catalyst. The one or more active components may be selected from Ce, Zr, Cu, Fe, Pr and Sc.

An exhaust gas cleaning catalyst is provided with a fire-resistant three-dimensional structural body, a first catalyst layer provide on a first surface side of the fire-resistant three-dimensional structural body, and a second catalyst layer provided on a side of the first catalyst layer opposite to the fire-resistant three-dimensional structural body. The first catalyst layer contains: a complex oxide including cerium and zirconium; and elemental rhodium. The second catalyst layer contains: a complex oxide including cerium and zirconium; and elemental palladium. The amount of cerium included in the second catalyst layer, in terms of cerium dioxide, is 10-25 g per liter of the fire-resistant three-dimensional structural body.

Sulfur-resistant synergized platinum group metals (SPGM) catalysts with significant oxidation capabilities are disclosed. Catalytic layers of SPGM catalyst samples are prepared using conventional synthesis techniques to build a washcoat layer completely or substantially free of PGM material. The SPGM catalyst includes a washcoat layer comprising YMn.sub.2O.sub.5 (pseudobrookite) and an overcoat layer including a Pt/Pd composition with total PGM loading of at or below 5.0 g/ft.sup.3. Resistance to sulfur poisoning and catalytic stability is observed under 5.2 gS/L condition to assess significant improvements in NO oxidation, and HC and CO conversions.

A CON zeolite satisfying the following (1) to (2):(1) The framework is CON as per the code specified by the International Zeolite Association (IZA); and (2) It contains silicon and aluminum, and the molar ratio of aluminum to silicon is 0.04 or more.

A Pd-supporting Zr-based composite oxide wherein by having a Zr-containing composite oxide support and Pd supported thereon and by showing, upon XAFS (X-ray absorption fine structure) analysis, a maximum peak in a Pd bond distance range of 2.500-3.500 Å, the maximum peak being located in a position of 3.050-3.110 Å.

The present invention relates to a catalyst which comprises a carrier substrate of length L, which extends between a first end face a and a second end face b, and catalytically active material zones A, B and C of different composition, wherein—material zone A comprises palladium or palladium and platinum with a weight ratio of Pd:Pt>1, and cerium oxide, —material zone B comprises platinum or platinum and palladium with a weight ratio of Pt:Pd>1, and cerium oxide and/or cerium/zirconium mixed oxide, and—material zone C comprises platinum or platinum and palladium with a weight ratio of Pt:Pd>1, and a carrier oxide, and wherein—material zone B is arranged above material zone A, and—material zone C is arranged above material zone B, and, starting from the second end face b of the carrier substrate, extends over a length of up to 60% of the length L. The invention also relates to a catalyst arrangement containing said catalyst.