In methods of and/or plants for manufacturing cement clinker, the amount of chloride bypass exhaust gas 79 can be substantially decreased, when using previously cooled chloride bypass exhaust gas 81 and/or cooled kiln exhaust gas as coolant for the chloride bypass exhaust gas 39 prior to deducting the chloride bypass exhaust gas 39.

A composition including inorganic fibers having a surface area of at least 5 m.sup.2/g and an active agent incorporated into the inorganic fibers and/or applied onto at least a portion of the inorganic fibers. Products including the composition may include fiber aggregates, composite materials, filter elements, catalytic elements, exhaust gas treatment devices and other exhaust system components, and papers.

Processes and apparatuses for separating chlorides from a butane product stream by removing chlorides from a portion of said feed stream in a rectification section of the separation zone. The rectification section may be in a rectification column which may be combined with a stripper column. Alternatively, a wall may be used to provide the rectification section in a fractionation column. The processes and apparatuses can be used in both new designs and revamped designs.

A composition including inorganic fibers having a surface area of at least 5 m.sup.2/g and an active agent incorporated into the inorganic fibers and/or applied onto at least a portion of the inorganic fibers. Products including the composition may include fiber aggregates, composite materials, filter elements, catalytic elements, exhaust gas treatment devices and other exhaust system components, and papers.

An exhaust treatment apparatus includes a casing having an inlet port for allowing an exhaust gas to flow into the casing and an outlet port for allowing a purified exhaust gas to be discharged from the casing, an exhaust fan provided in the casing for sending the exhaust gas from the inlet port to the outlet port, and chemical filters provided in two or more stages between the exhaust fan in the casing and the outlet port.

A process for the treatment of sulfidic spent caustic, conditioned catalyst regeneration vent gas, C4 isomerization off gas, various and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in addition to toxic containing streams like cyanidic off gas and waste water in a propane/butane dehydrogenation complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including an off-gas knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a spent caustic buffer vessel, an optional a waste water buffer vessel, and a fuel gas knockout drum. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system.

Provided is a hydrolysis reaction device for dechlorination and decyanation of blast furnace gas, including a tower body, where a top of the tower body is provided with an air inlet channel, and a bottom of the tower body is provided with an air outlet channel, and functional zones are arranged in the tower body. The functional zones are sequentially an air inlet zone, a first protective agent zone, a first transition zone, a second protective agent zone, a second transition zone, a hydrolysis zone and an air outlet zone along a gas direction, and adjacent functional zones are communicated. Feed holes and discharge holes are uniformly arranged on an outer side surface of the tower body. Gas in a tower radially passes through the protective agent zones and the hydrolysis zone.

The present invention relates to a vacuum pumping and abatement system for evacuating processing gas from a process chamber and removing noxious substances from the processing gas. The present invention also relates to a method of purging a vacuum pumping arrangement. The present invention seeks to reduce the cost of ownership and operation and carbon footprint of such systems, by providing a vacuum pumping and abatement system for evacuating processing gas from a process chamber and removing noxious substances from the processing gas, comprising a vacuum pumping arrangement for evacuating processing gas from a process chamber; a source of compressed air for purging the vacuum pumping arrangement during evacuation; and a burner for receiving processing gas and compressed air from the vacuum pumping arrangement and removing noxious substances therefrom by burning the processing gas in oxygen wherein at least some of the oxygen that supports combustion is derived from the compressed air.

Disclosed herein is a composite material formed from an inorganic mesoporous, or mesoporous-like, material that is dispersed throughout a polymeric matrix formed by a crosslinked polymer that has acidic- or basic-residues and which may also optionally have further acidic- or basic-residues grafted onto the inorganic mesoporous material. The resulting composite material may be used to remove acidic or basic impurities from a gas in need thereof and can be easily regenerated.

The present invention relates to a process of preparing a chloride adsorbent with natural binder wherein the organic binder is used to bind metal oxide powder altogether and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or carbon black is used as porogen. The chloride adsorbent is then extruded, left at room temperature, dried and burned to form pores. The prepared adsorbent can efficiently remove the chloride compounds in both forms of inorganic chloride e.g. hydrogen chloride (HCI), organic chloride e.g. vinyl chloride (VCI) and trichloro ethylene (TCE) from the hydrogen stream generated from the continuous catalytic reforming unit, in the actual operation in the oil refinery and aromatic substance production facilities. The adsorbent prepared according to the present invention contains metal oxide of zinc in an amount of up to 99.5-99:8% by weight.