A method for treating a fluorine element-containing exhaust gas including a dilution step of diluting a fluorine element-containing exhaust gas (a) with an inert gas so as to have a fluorine gas (F.sub.2) concentration of 25% by volume or less to prepare a diluted gas (b) and a water absorption step of contacting the diluted gas (b) with water to obtain a treated gas (c).

A method for treating flue gas including sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides includes: cooling the furnace outlet flue gas; contacting it with a sulphur oxide neutralization agent, reducing the sulphur oxides by desulphurization reactions, and obtaining residues; separating the residues from the flue gas; reheating the flue gas; injecting a nitrogen oxide neutralization agent therein; and placing the reheated flue gas and the nitrogen oxide neutralization agent in contact with a catalyst, reducing the nitrogen oxides by denitrification reactions, the cooling of the flue gas achieved by reheating, inside the same heat exchanger, the flue gas separated from the desulphurization residues. The reheated flue gas is mixed, after injecting the nitrogen oxide neutralization agent, with the flue gas cooled after being placed in contact with the sulphur oxide neutralization agent, the separation of the residues and the contact with the catalyst being carried out inside a single separation device.

The present invention relates to a capture agent for the treatment of gases, having an active phase that comprises a calcium silicate hydrate of (CaO).sub.x(SiO.sub.2).sub.y(H.sub.2O).sub.z type with a Ca/Si molar ratio between 1.55 and 1.72, preferably between 1.65 and 1,72 and an H.sub.2O/Ca molar ratio between 1 and 1.4, preferably between 1.1 and 1.3, z being between 0.3 and 0.8, the capture agent having a specific surface area greater than 120 m.sup.2/g, preferably greater than 150 m.sup.2/g and particularly preferably greater than 200 m.sup.2/g and a pore volume greater than 0.4 cm.sup.3/g, preferably greater than 0.6 cm.sup.3/g and particularly preferably greater than 0.8 cm.sup.3/g.

The invention relates to a method for increasing the absorbency of a material containing alkaline-earth carbonate and alkaline-earth hydroxide with regard to sulfur oxides and/or other pollutants, in particular in flue gas, wherein the material containing alkaline-earth carbonate and alkaline-earth hydroxide is activated by heating said material to approximately 250 C. to approximately 750 C. for a time period of 1 minute to 12 hours.

A process and a device for treating a flow of furnace gas with a pressure of more than 1 bar flowing through a channel. A powder agent, such as a powder comprising alkali reagents, such as lime, and/or absorbents, such as activated coal, is injected under an overpressure into the furnace gas flow via an injector which is positioned centrally within the channel The powder agent may be fluidized. The pressure for injecting the powder may be adjusted by controlling the volume of fluidization gas vented via a venting outlet.

A conveying system for injecting material at a convey line pressure is disclosed. Material is injected into the convey line through a feed device from a pressurized vessel pressurized at the convey line pressure. In illustrated embodiments, the vessel is pressurized at the convey line pressure through connection to the convey line. As described, the vessel is connected to the convey line through a pressurization line to pressurize the vessel at the convey line pressure. In illustrated embodiments described the pressurization line is opened and closed via a valve to control pressurization of the vessel at the convey line pressure. In illustrated embodiments, convey line pressure is applied to multiple vessels of a conveying system through one or more pressurization lines to inject material into the convey line.

A system to abate an emission from a first semiconductor process is disclosed. The system includes an abatement apparatus, such as a gas scrubber, to remove hazardous and toxic gas species from the emission. The abatement apparatus may combust the emission to remove these gas species using a fuel and oxidant. The system includes a fuel assembly fluidly coupled to the abatement apparatus which transmits the fuel from at least one source through the abatement apparatus. The fuel assembly may include a supply tank which contains a volume of fuel, a recovery apparatus which recovers and contains a recovery volume of fuel from a second semiconductor process, and a mass flow controller which may transmit fuel from at least one of the supply tank and the recovery apparatus through the abatement apparatus.

The present invention refers to a method for the production of granules comprising a magnesium ion-comprising material, granules comprising the magnesium ion-comprising material and the use of the granules in a nutraceutical product, agricultural product, veterinary product, cosmetic product, preferably in a dry cosmetic and/or dry skin care composition, home product, food product, packaging product, personal care product, preferably in an oral care composition in air treatment and in water treatment, or as excipient in a pharmaceutical product.

Calcium hydroxide-containing compositions can be manufactured by slaking quicklime, and subsequently drying and milling the slaked product. The resulting calcium hydroxide-containing composition can have a size, steepness, pore volume, and/or other features that render the compositions suitable for treatment of exhaust gases and/or removal of contaminants. In some embodiments, the calcium hydroxide-containing compositions can include a D.sub.10 from about 0.5 microns to about 4 microns, a D.sub.90 less than about 30 microns, and a ratio of D.sub.90 to D.sub.10 from about 8 to about 20, wherein individual particles include a surface area greater than or equal to about 25 m.sup.2/g.

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for removing acid gases from a gas stream are provided. Gas streams include waste gas streams or natural gas streams. The methods include obtaining a hypochlorite and a carbonate or bicarbonate in an aqueous mixture, and mixing the aqueous mixture with the gas stream to produce sulfates or nitrates from sulfur-based and nitrogen-based acidic gases. Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to produce the carbonate and/or bicarbonate scrubbing reagent from CO.sub.2 in the gas stream. Still others are disclosed.