A reclaiming method is disclosed including conducting evaporation by introducing a part of the absorbent to recover CO.sub.2 or H.sub.2S in a gas in a closed system recovery unit and separating a degraded substance contained in the absorbent from the absorbent to be introduced into an evaporator and obtain recovery steam containing an absorbent and CO.sub.2 or H.sub.2S by a heating section that is provided on a circulation line that circulates in the evaporator; and removing ionic degraded substance by cooling the concentrate obtained in the evaporation and removing an ionic degraded substance in the concentrate after the cooling, wherein a purified concentrate from which the ionic degraded substance has been removed is reused as a purified absorbent.

A water treatment management apparatus used for monitoring and evaluating water supplied to a water treatment system such as an ultrapure water production system and performing appropriate management of operation of the water treatment system includes: a pure water production unit for evaluation to which water to be supplied to the water treatment system is supplied as target water, the pure water production unit for evaluation including a TOC removal apparatus for performing a unit operation of removing total organic carbon (TOC) components; and measuring means for measuring TOC concentration at a plurality of measurement points in the pure water production unit for evaluation, the plurality of the measurement points including an inlet and an outlet of the pure water production unit for evaluation.

A method including contacting a stream including water with a coated porous substrate including a porous substrate coated with a hydrophilic and oleophobic coating to produce a treated water including water that passes through the coated porous substrate; and utilizing at least a portion of the treated water as a component of a hydraulic fracturing fluid.

Process steps for monitoring the performance of a wastewater treatment system having a series of filtration units and optionally one or more disinfection units, controlling the operation of the filtration units, and controlling the operation of one or more maintenance operations that can be performed on the filtration units as a result of the monitoring. The wastewater treatment system can be operated without breaking pressure between the filtration units. Monitoring the performance of the wastewater treatment system can include using the water quality at various points in the system as an indicator of clogging or integrity issues within the filtration units. Sensors can be configured to measure properties of wastewater both upstream and downstream of each filtration unit, and the measured properties can be used to determine whether the filtration unit is performing adequately.

Methods, systems, and devices for water treatment or for preventing fouling of components of water treatment systems can include the upstream introduction of nanobubbles in-line and/or in close proximity to a reverse osmosis membrane in the water treatment system. The nanobubbles can bind to and cluster (flocculate) nanoparticles (and possible larger solid particles) so that they can be removed and not foul water purification components such as reverse osmosis membranes. The nanobubbles can also interact with and change some characteristics of nanoparticles and thereby reduce fouling of some system components, such as reverse osmosis membranes, or other components. The systems, methods, and devices disclosed herein can help produce potable water safe for human consumption in a more cost-effective manner, e.g., by reducing maintenance costs and in some cases manufacturing costs.

A hollow fiber (HF) membrane incorporating molybdenum trioxide (MoO.sub.3) nanoparticles. The membrane may be composed of PPSU hollow fibers that are coated or encrusted with MoO.sub.3 nanoparticles and can be made by dry-wet spinning. The hollow fiber membranes containing MoO.sub.3 nanoparticles remove lead, cadmium or other heave metals from waste water and are resistant to attachment of bacteria and fouling.

A filtration membrane is provided. It comprises a porous support substrate and a porous active layer on top of the support substrate, wherein the active layer is formed of a network of interconnected, randomly arranged ceramic splats with ceramic particles occupying interstices between the splats, and wherein free spaces between the particles define a network of interconnected pores extending through the thickness of the active layer. There are also provided a method of filtering a feed using the membrane and a method of manufacturing the membrane by suspension plasma spraying.

An apparatus and a method are provided for a mobile reservoir system to provide potable water to desired destinations. The mobile reservoir system includes a waterborne vessel that includes a cargo hold. A collection unit comprised of a material for safe and sterile storage of potable water is disposed in the cargo hold. One or more collectors channel rainwater into the collection unit. Each collector is a sheet of a non-porous material supported on a retractable frame and a plurality of support arms. The sheet provides a surface area for collecting rainwater. A porous material covers the collection unit and operates as a filter for collected rainwater. A retractable cover may be extended over the cargo hold to provide protection to the collected rainwater in the collection unit. A filtration system is configured to offload the rainwater as potable water.

Device for water disinfection by ultrafiltration. The device comprises a filtering assembly with at least one ultrafiltration membrane (6) inside a casing (10); a pump (5, 15), powered with electrical energy, configured for driving water to be filtered to said at least one ultrafiltration membrane (6); and an electric supply connection (2) for powering said pump (5) from a power supply. Said at least one ultrafiltration membrane is located in said casing (10) in a position in which it receives the feed flow of the water to be filtered by gravity or pressure; the electric power supply is provided by a battery included in a portable communication device (4); and the intensity of the current consumed by the pump (5, 15) is below 1.2 A, with a supply voltage of up to 24 V.

Device for water disinfection by ultrafiltration. The device comprises a filtering assembly with at least one ultrafiltration membrane (6) inside a casing (10); a pump (5, 15), powered with electrical energy, configured for driving water to be filtered to said at least one ultrafiltration membrane (6); and an electric supply connection (2) for powering said pump (5) from a power supply. Said at least one ultrafiltration membrane is located in said casing (10) in a position in which it receives the feed flow of the water to be filtered by gravity or pressure; the electric power supply is provided by a battery included in a portable communication device (4); and the intensity of the current consumed by the pump (5, 15) is below 1.2 A, with a supply voltage of up to 24 V.