Water permeable coated substrates and filtration membranes are provided comprising: (a) a porous substrate; (b) an optional primer layer applied to a substrate surface (a), wherein the primer layer comprises silica and/or an organometallic compound; (c) a superhydrophilic coating layer applied to the porous substrate (a), or the primer layer (b), wherein the superhydrophilic layer comprises a superhydrophilic polymer or silicate; and (d)

an optional tie layer applied to the superhydrophilic coating layer (c), wherein the tie layer comprises silica and/or an organometallic compound. The water permeable coated substrates and filtration membranes may further include (e) an oleophobic coating layer applied to the superhydrophilic coating layer (c), or the tie layer (d), wherein the oleophobic coating layer comprises a fluoropolymer having reactive functional groups. Each layer of the coated substrate is covalently bonded to adjacent layers. Methods of separating an oil-in-water emulsion are also disclosed.

A device and method for separating and recovering intestinal contents, comprising removing the impurities from the intestinal contents by means of coarse filtration and cross-flow fine filtration, followed by obtaining a concentrate by microporous membrane cross-flow filter, and collecting the target contents. The microporous membrane has a spongy porous structure, and can rapidly and effectively achieve the separation and recovery of flora from the intestinal contents by cooperation with cross-flow filtration. The separated and recovered dry flora comprises at least 10-20% of the initial wet intestinal contents, and comprises at least 10.sup.11/1 g dry flora.

Provided is a method for filtering an additive-containing liquid that can achieve a polishing composition exhibiting excellent defect reducing capability while maintaining a practical filter life. The method for filtering a polishing additive-containing liquid provided by the present invention includes the step of: filtering the polishing additive-containing liquid with a filter that satisfies the following conditions (1) and (2). (1) The average pore diameter P measured by a palm porometer is 0.15 μm or less. (2) The pore diameter gradient (S.sub.in/S.sub.out), which is the ratio of the inlet-side average pore diameter (SO to the outlet-side average pore diameter (S.sub.out), both diameters being measured through observation with an SEM, is 3 or less.

Various implementations include approaches and systems for isolating acellular biological therapeutics. In a particular implementation, a method includes: drawing leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) into a first syringe, passing the L-PRP from the first syringe through a syringe filter to provide filtered L-PRP, drawing the filtered L-PRP into a second syringe, the second syringe having at least one protein precipitating agent (PPA) to provide a L-PRP/PPA mixture, performing a phase separation of protein precipitate and liquid phase from the L-PRP/PPA mixture, removing the liquid phase to yield a concentrated protein precipitate, passing the concentrated protein precipitate and water through a filtering tube, the filtering tube isolating concentrated protein from the concentrated protein precipitate and water, and collecting the concentrated protein.

This forward-osmosis composite hollow fiber membrane module has hollow fiber bundles, wherein: the hollow fibers are each such that a separation active layer of a high-molecular polymer thin film is provided on the inner surface of a macroporous hollow fiber support film formed from a high-molecular polymer including polyketone; the film surface area of the hollow fiber bundles is 100 cm.sup.2 or greater; and the coefficient of variation of the average thickness of the separation active layer in the radial and thickness directions of the hollow fiber bundle is 0-60%, said coefficient being calculated through a method for measuring the mass of the separation active layer portion in a scanning electron microscope image in which a thickness-direction cross section of the separation active layer is imaged.

Described are devices for purifying a liquid that is contained in a sealable container, to storage systems for containing and purifying a liquid, and to related methods.

An asymmetric hydrophobic polyolefin hollow fiber membrane includes a support layer and a separation layer, the separation layer including an outer surface, the outer surface including a quantity of first pores with a certain pore size; presence of the first pores facilitates an anesthetic gas such as sevoflurane and remifentanil to permeate through the hollow fiber membrane into the human blood, allowing for the patient to maintain sedated throughout a surgical process; meanwhile, the first pores facilitate reduction of dosage of the anesthetic in the surgery, thereby reducing surgical costs and avoid overdosage of the anesthetic causing secondary impairment to the patient; in addition, the hollow fiber membrane offers a long plasma permeation duration, a high tensile strength and a high elongation at break to satisfy application needs, particularly suitable for human blood oxygenation including anesthetic gas and the gas-liquid separation areas.

A gas separation membrane selectively permeable to a specific gas component includes a first porous layer, and a separation function layer provided on a first surface of the first porous layer. The separation function layer contains a hydrophilic resin. The first surface has a wetting tension of greater than or equal to 38 mN/m and less than or equal to 52 mN/m.

Provided herein are methods and systems for production (e.g., batch production) of a polypeptide product via cell culture. In some embodiments, the methods and systems use a first bioreactor (e.g., for cell culturing), an alternating tangential flow (ATF) microfilter (e.g., for removing a polypeptide product and culture medium from the cell culture while retaining cells), a second bioreactor (e.g., for concentrating the product), and an ATF ultrafilter (e.g., for retaining product in the second bioreactor and allowing culture medium to exit).

In particles removal with extremely high filtration efficiency and the ability to block submicron airborne particles by a sieving mechanism is provided. This novel nanoporous filter advantageously combines extremely high transmittance for visible light and ultraviolet light, reusability after cleaning or disinfection by ultraviolet irradiation or simple washing, a customizable sieving pore size ranging from a few nanometers to 500 nanometers, and the ability to carry bactericidal, virucidal or other reagents or particles on the nano or micro scale.