Conventional ozone water is still insufficient in the removal rate and cleaning ability of resist required in today's semiconductor manufacturing field, and it does not fully meet the expectation of further improvement in the effects of sterilization, deodorization, and cleaning in the fields such as cleaning of foodstuffs, cleaning of process equipment and tools, and cleaning of fingers, as well as in the fields such as deodorization, sterilization, and preservation of freshness of foodstuffs. The above-problem can be solved by defining the values of a plurality of specific production parameters in the production of ozone water into specific ranges.

A method of producing a canned hydrogen infused beverage having the steps of: providing a can; introducing a solid that includes Magnesium metal into the can; filling the can with a carbonated liquid having water; generating molecular hydrogen from the reaction of the solid and the water; generating Magnesium Bicarbonate from the reaction of the solid and the carbonated liquid and sealing the can. A beverage in a can formed through disclosed processes is likewise disclosed.

A water treatment system using ozone is disclosed. The system includes a container for holding water, an ozone supply configured to supply ozone, and a water treatment device secured at a lower portion of the container. The water treatment device is configured to disinfect the water using ozone in the container. The water treatment device includes a housing having a plurality of openings and a tortuous porous tube in the housing. The tortuous porous tube is configured to receive the ozone from the ozone supply and distribute the ozone into the water.

A resin composition preparation apparatus and a polyurea resin are provided. A resin introduction unit is configured to inject a composition solution and air mixed in the composition solution. An air bubble generator is connected to the resin introduction unit. An air bubble separation tank is connected to the air bubble generator. The air bubble generator comprises: an inlet through which the composition solution and the air are introduced from the resin introduction unit; an outlet through which the resin composition is discharged to the air bubble separation tank; and an internal flow channel connecting the inlet and the outlet so as to pass therethrough. The internal flow channel comprises a groove portion configured to form the air bubbles having a smaller particle size than that of the air.

The apparatus includes: a producing unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in a liquid supplied from a liquid introducing unit to produce an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid containing the ultrafine bubbles, and delivers the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid; a liquid delivering unit that delivers the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid to an outside; a buffer tank that receives the liquid delivered from the producing unit and delivers the liquid to the liquid delivering unit; and a controller that controls the delivery of the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid from the buffer tank to the liquid delivering unit such that, if the producing unit stops operating, an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid accumulated in the buffer tank is delivered to the liquid delivering unit to enable the liquid delivering unit to deliver the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid to the outside.

A fine bubbles generation system for converting gas into fine bubbles in liquid is disclosed. The system comprises a reactor vessel comprising gas input means (2), liquid input means (8), liquid output means, and agitation (7) and mechanical interaction means (11) arranged for providing fine bubble-laden liquid in a two-step process. A fine bubbles generation method for converting gas into fine bubbles in liquid is also disclosed.

Disclosed are a cleaning solution mixing system, a tool and a method of operation thereof, including an ultrapure water source for providing ultrapure water; an ammonia filter for filtering ammonia in gas form; a hydrogen peroxide filter for filtering hydrogen peroxide in gas form; an ammonia re-gas membrane for dissolving the ammonia in the ultrapure water and forming ultra-dilute ammoniated water; a hydrogen peroxide re-gas membrane for dissolving the hydrogen peroxide in the ultrapure water and forming ultra-dilute hydrogenated water; and a mixer for forming an ultra-dilute cleaning solution by mixing the ultra-dilute ammoniated water and the ultra-dilute hydrogenated water.

Provided are: a method of producing heated ozone water, the method capable of producing heated ozone water having an extremely high ozone concentration by suppressing a reduction in the ozone concentration in high-concentration heated ozone water; heated ozone water; and a semiconductor wafer-cleaning liquid using the heated ozone water. A method of producing heated ozone water obtained by dissolving ozone in pure water, the method being characterized by including: adjusting a pH of the pure water to 3 or less by adding acid to the pure water; to obtain an acid water, dissolving an ozone gas in the acid water; and heating the pure water, the acid water or the ozone water, to 60 C. or more.

The disclosure discloses a foam fracturing fluid with double interface layers of a phlogisticated air-liquid CO.sub.2 for shale gas development, and a preparation method thereof. The foam fracturing fluid is prepared from a liquid CO.sub.2 phase, a gas phase and a nano-enhancer; the liquid CO.sub.2 phase is formed by dissolving a mixture of gas-soluble foaming agents in liquid CO.sub.2; the gas phase is a gas mixture of phlogisticated air and saturated vapor of the liquid CO.sub.2; the nano-enhancer is an aqueous solution of a mixture of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, a cosolvent and a water-soluble surfactant. In the fracturing fluid prepared by the present disclosure, the phlogisticated air was encapsulated by the liquid CO.sub.2 to form an interface layer, the liquid CO.sub.2 was further encapsulated by the nano-enhancer to form the other interface layer, which enhanced the structural stability of the fracturing fluid while achieving high viscosity and thermal stability.

A gas-dissolved liquid producing apparatus 1 includes a gas supply unit 2, a first liquid supply unit 3, a gas-dissolved liquid generator 4, a second liquid generator 20, a second liquid supply unit 21, a flow rate measuring unit 14, and a controller 23. The controller 23 controls the supply amount of the first liquid to be supplied to the gas-dissolved liquid generator 4 according to the flow rate of circulated gas-dissolved liquid measured by the flow rate measuring unit 14. The gas-dissolved liquid generator 4 dissolves gas supplied from the gas supply unit 2 in first liquid supplied from the first liquid supply unit 3 and second liquid supplied from the second liquid supply unit 21 to generate gas-dissolved liquid.