A liquid aerating device is presented. The device includes a first inner channel through which air flows in a first direction, a second inner channel extending substantially parallel to the first inner channel, wherein liquid flows through the second inner channel in a second direction that is opposite of the first direction, and an aeration chamber. The aeration chamber is connected to the first inner channel and the second inner channel, and positioned such that the air flows into the first inner channel from the aeration chamber and the liquid flows out of the second inner channel into the aeration chamber.

The present invention describes methods and devices in which concentrated beverage products, each packaged in a pressurized container, can be combined with liquids and/or other ingredients to produce one or more servings of a beverage. These products provide users with a convenient way to prepare both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages (including carbonated beverages) in various serving sizes and quantities by combining the pressurized beverage concentrate with (possibly carbonated) liquids and other ingredients.

Gas injection apparatuses include a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a primary gas chamber, a gas reduction chamber, and a fluid dispensing passageway. The primary gas chamber has a first cross sectional size and is fluidly connected to the gas inlet and the gas outlet. The gas reduction chamber is fluidly connected to the primary gas chamber, the gas inlet, and the gas outlet. The gas reduction chamber has a second cross sectional size that is less than the first cross sectional size. The fluid dispensing passageway is fluidly connected to the gas reduction chamber by a gas delivery orifice having a third cross sectional size that is less than the second cross sectional size.

The invention includes components and methodology for fixed and semi-fixed systems for extinguishing fire in large industrial flammable liquid storage tanks, including aerated foam projecting nozzles discharging substantially focused streams together with aeration chambers and risers.

Various beverage preparation systems and methods are disclosed. The beverage preparation system can include a container assembly configured to receive beverage, such as a milk. The container assembly can be removably engaged with a base. The container assembly can be temporarily removed from the base to facilitate transport of the beverage residing therein. The container assembly can be configured to receive a flow of steam, air, or additional gasses and vapors when the container assembly is mounted on the base.

Various beverage preparation systems and methods are disclosed. The beverage preparation system can include a container assembly configured to receive beverage, such as a milk. The container assembly can be removably engaged with a base. The container assembly can be temporarily removed from the base to facilitate transport of the beverage residing therein. The container assembly can be configured to receive a flow of steam, air, or additional gasses and vapors when the container assembly is mounted on the base.

Carbonation apparatus is provided for carbonating a mixed input flow of pressurized and refrigerated carbon dioxide and water. A first cartridge is disposed within the carbonation chamber, defining a porous micromesh net in fluid communication with the input flow and a central cavity in fluid communication with the carbonation chamber output port. The micromesh net is configured to break up chains of water molecules passing through the net, to enhance bonding between the water and carbon dioxide molecules within the cartridge. The net also responds to the flow of water and carbon dioxide molecules impacting and passing through the net by generating a passive polarizing field that has a polarizing influence on the water molecules to further enhance. Beads may be provided within the cartridge for capturing and stabilizing carbon dioxide molecules to yet further enhance bonding between the water and the carbon dioxide molecules.

A gas infuser includes a mixing chamber and a liquid injector. Gas is supplied into the mixing chamber and liquid flows through openings of the injector to mix with the gas in the mixing chamber and form a gas-infused liquid.

The invention relates to a carbonation apparatus (10), in particular for the introduction of carbon dioxide to liquid, having a gas outlet which is configured to be introduced into a container (7) which can be filled with liquid, a gas connector which is fluidically connected to the gas outlet via a controllable valve (4), a control device (5) which is configured to control the valve (4), comprising, furthermore: a fixture (1) with a weight determining device for determining a weight of a gas cylinder (3) which is received in the fixture (1) and is connected to the gas connector.

Embodiments described herein relate to systems and methods for carbonating a liquid at ambient temperature. The system may include a liquid source; a carbon dioxide source; and a contactor for carbonating the liquid. The contactor may include channels and a sparge for carbonating liquid flowing through the channels. The system may produce a liquid having high levels of carbonation at ambient temperature. The sparge may generate microbubbles or nanobubbles to allow for cost-effective carbonation at ambient temperatures. The bubbles may have an average diameter of 100 μm or less. The system may carbonate liquid at a rate of 1 gram to 10 grams carbon dioxide per liter.