The present application relates to a process for dehydrogenating organic molecules (OM) in a reaction vessel by means of an inductive field, wherein the reaction vessel and its contents are free of platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold, iridium, titanium, tantalum or ruthenium.

The present invention further relates to a process and to a corresponding reaction vessel for dehydrogenating organic molecules (OM), said process having the following steps: a) feeding the organic molecules (OM) into a reaction vessel (RB), where the reaction vessel i) has been provided with a device for generating an inductive field (IF); and ii) comprises a solid loose material (FLM), b) applying an inductive field (IF) and allowing the inductive field (IF) to act on the solid loose material (FLM) and the organic molecules (OM), c) removing the hydrogen from the reaction vessel (RB) during and/or after step b), d) removing the dehydrogenated organic molecules (DOM) from the reaction vessel (RB) during and/or after step b), for example during step c), wherein the solid loose material (FLM) is such that it can couple magnetically to the inductive field (IF) and consists of a metal (M) or metal alloy (ML) which can couple magnetically to the inductive field (IF) or has an outer layer (Sch) comprising or consisting of a metal (M) or metal alloy (ML) and the reaction vessel is such that the solid loose material (FLM) can couple to the inductive field (IF) and the solid loose material (FLM) comes into contact with the organic molecules (OM).

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to processes for production of ammonia and hydrogen under low reaction severity using as reactants nitrogen and at least one C1-C4 hydrocarbon, e.g., methane. The disclosed processes are carried out using a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a metal selected from Group 7, Group 8, Group 9, Group 10, Group 11, and combinations thereof; wherein the metal is present in an amount from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % based on the total weight of the heterogeneous catalyst; and a metal oxide support. The processes can be carried out at about ambient pressure and at a heterogeneous catalyst temperature of from about 50° C. to about 250° C. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to processes for production of ammonia and hydrogen under low reaction severity using as reactants nitrogen and at least one C1-C4 hydrocarbon, e.g., methane. The disclosed processes are carried out using a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a metal selected from Group 7, Group 8, Group 9, Group 10, Group 11, and combinations thereof; wherein the metal is present in an amount from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % based on the total weight of the heterogeneous catalyst; and a metal oxide support. The processes can be carried out at about ambient pressure and at a heterogeneous catalyst temperature of from about 50° C. to about 250° C. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

The disclosure relates to a process to perform an endothermic dehydrogenation and/or aromatization reaction of hydrocarbons, said process comprising the steps of providing at least one fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two electrodes and a bed comprising particles; putting the particles in a fluidized state to obtain a fluidized bed; heating the fluidized bed to a temperature ranging from 480° C. to 700° C. to conduct the reaction; and obtaining a reactor effluent containing hydrogen, unconverted hydrocarbons, and olefins and/or aromatics; wherein the particles of the bed comprise electrically conductive particles and particles of a catalytic composition, wherein at least 10 wt. % of the particles are electrically conductive particles and have a resistivity ranging from 0.001 Ohm.Math.cm to 500 Ohm.Math.cm at 500° C. and wherein the step of heating the fluidized bed is performed by passing an electric current of through the fluidized bed.

The disclosure relates to a process to perform an endothermic dehydrogenation and/or aromatization reaction of hydrocarbons, said process comprising the steps of providing at least one fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two electrodes and a bed comprising particles; putting the particles in a fluidized state to obtain a fluidized bed; heating the fluidized bed to a temperature ranging from 480° C. to 700° C. to conduct the reaction; and obtaining a reactor effluent containing hydrogen, unconverted hydrocarbons, and olefins and/or aromatics; wherein the particles of the bed comprise electrically conductive particles and particles of a catalytic composition, wherein at least 10 wt. % of the particles are electrically conductive particles and have a resistivity ranging from 0.001 Ohm.Math.cm to 500 Ohm.Math.cm at 500° C. and wherein the step of heating the fluidized bed is performed by passing an electric current of through the fluidized bed.

The electrospray device comprises a sprayer comprising a sprayer body and nozzle, and a partition positioned vertically and coaxially with the sprayer. The sprayer body is provided with a swirl generator for generating a swirling air stream, and a power supply connected between the nozzle and the partition, to apply voltage to the nozzle and the partition. The electrospray device may be part of a fluidized bed apparatus comprising a product container, a lower plenum base, an air distribution plate resided therebetween. When the power supply applies voltage in opposite polarities to the nozzle and the partition, the fluidized bed apparatus is used for coating particles; and when the power supply applies voltage of the same, the fluidized bed apparatus is used for spray-drying a solution. The electrospray device uses an electromagnetic hydrodynamic method to improve the performance of the fluidized bed apparatus and optimize the process of product.

The electrospray device comprises a sprayer comprising a sprayer body and nozzle, and a partition positioned vertically and coaxially with the sprayer. The sprayer body is provided with a swirl generator for generating a swirling air stream, and a power supply connected between the nozzle and the partition, to apply voltage to the nozzle and the partition. The electrospray device may be part of a fluidized bed apparatus comprising a product container, a lower plenum base, an air distribution plate resided therebetween. When the power supply applies voltage in opposite polarities to the nozzle and the partition, the fluidized bed apparatus is used for coating particles; and when the power supply applies voltage of the same, the fluidized bed apparatus is used for spray-drying a solution. The electrospray device uses an electromagnetic hydrodynamic method to improve the performance of the fluidized bed apparatus and optimize the process of product.

A new process for the decomposition of hydrocarbon feed stream(s) that achieves the conversion of a hydrocarbon feed stream to hydrogen and filamentous carbon, with minimal resulting production of carbon oxides is described herein. In this invention it is proposed to achieve the hydrocarbon conversion by the use of dual fluidized bed reaction zones, fluidly connected, for (i). hydrocarbon reaction (the reactor) and (ii). catalyst regeneration and heating (the regenerator) and to use a transition metal supported catalyst to achieve high hydrocarbon conversion and to produce high quality filamentous carbon.

A method and a device for preparing a carbon nanotube and a prepared carbon nanotube. The method includes: adding iron pentcarbonyl and nickel tetracarbonyl into a multi-stage series fluidized bed and performing decomposition to obtain a catalyst, and discharging the carbon monoxide generated; adding a carbon source and injecting an inert gas into the series fluidized bed for reaction under heating at 600-800 C. for 40-90 min, the ratio of the mass of carbon in the carbon source to the mass of the catalyst being 5-7:3-5. Further provided are a device for preparing a carbon nanotube according to the above method and a carbon nanotube prepared by the above method.

A method and a device for preparing a carbon nanotube and a prepared carbon nanotube. The method includes: adding iron pentcarbonyl and nickel tetracarbonyl into a multi-stage series fluidized bed and performing decomposition to obtain a catalyst, and discharging the carbon monoxide generated; adding a carbon source and injecting an inert gas into the series fluidized bed for reaction under heating at 600-800 C. for 40-90 min, the ratio of the mass of carbon in the carbon source to the mass of the catalyst being 5-7:3-5. Further provided are a device for preparing a carbon nanotube according to the above method and a carbon nanotube prepared by the above method.