Promoted ammonium salt-protected activated carbon sorbent particles for removal of mercury from gas streams. A method of separating mercury from a mercury-containing gas stream includes contacting a mercury-containing gas stream with an activated carbon sorbent including promoted ammonium salt-protected activated carbon sorbent particles, to form a mercury-sorbent composition. The method also includes separating at least some of the mercury-sorbent composition from the mercury-containing gas stream, to give a separated gas.

The object of the invention is to provide an adsorbent that can adsorb ammonia with no large volume change between absorption and desorption, that has a high ammonia and/or ammonium ion adsorption capacity, and that can have an additional function by gaining proper control of composition, etc. The invention makes it possible to provide an adsorbent that absorbs ammonia and/or ammonium ions through the use of a metal cyanocomplex as an ammonia adsorbent, experiences no or little volume change, exhibits high enough capacity for adsorbing ammonia and/or ammonium ions, and has a function of decomposing ammonia as well as a function of varying optical responses before and after adsorption, etc.

A method of adsorption includes contacting a nanocomposite with a solution including one or more pollutants. The nanocomposite is a graphite-phase carbon nitride copper oxide and magnesium aluminum oxide (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4@CuO/MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4) material and includes a graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) in an amount of 5 to 15 percent by weight (wt. %), copper oxide in an amount of 3 to 7 wt. %, and magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4) in an amount of 80 to 90 wt. % based on a total weight of the g-C.sub.3N.sub.4@CuO/MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 material. The method further includes adsorbing the one or more pollutants on the nanocomposite.

The present disclosure provides a process for the separation and purification of radium and actinium from acidic solution using composite adsorbents. The process includes preparing polyoxometalates (POMs)-based mesoporous composite metal-infused resins using phosphate recovered from waste buffer solution. The resins are prepared using a modified sol-gel technique to form inorganic composite metal-oxide clusters. Embodiments of the resins include silica-coated composite metal oxide particles, including antimony-vanadium oxide particles, and tungsten-doped mesoporous titanium oxide particles. The resins have differing adsorption affinities for actinium, radium, and other metal ions and may thus be utilized for selectively separating radium and actinium from irradiated thorium targets.

A method of removing a contaminant from water may include contacting contaminated water, including a heavy metal and/or an organic pollutant, with a nanocomposite including graphitic C.sub.3N.sub.4, MoO.sub.3, and MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 in a mass relationship to each other in a range of from 5 to 15:2 to 7:75 to 95, thereby adsorbing the heavy metal and/or the organic pollutant onto the nanocomposite, as an adsorbed material. The method further includes removing the adsorbed material from the contaminated water, thereby reducing a concentration of the heavy metal in the contaminated water by at least 2 wt. %, the heavy metal includes Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Ag, Zn, and/or U, and the organic pollutant includes a dye.

A method of photodegrading an organic compound may include irradiating, in the presence of the organic compound, a nanocomposite including graphitic C.sub.3N.sub.4, MnO.sub.2, and MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 in a mass relationship to each other in a range of from 5 to 15:2 to 7:75 to 95, at a temperature in a range of from 10 C. to 80 C. in a contaminated volume of water, thereby photodegrading the organic compound to partially decompose the organic compound and at least partially decontaminate the contaminated volume of water.