A porous activated asphaltene material is described with a method of making and a method of using for the adsorption of a contaminant from a solution. The porous activated asphaltene material may be made by functionalizing solid asphaltene with nitric acid, and then treating the product with a metal hydroxide. The resulting porous activated asphaltene material exhibits a high porosity, and may be cleaned and reused for adsorbing contaminants.

The present invention relates to an adsorbent comprising an alumina support and at least one alkali element, said adsorbent being obtained by introducing at least one alkali element, identical to or different from sodium, onto an alumina support the sodium content of which, expressed as Na.sub.2O equivalent, before the introduction of the alkali element or elements, is comprised between 1000 and 5000 ppm by weight with respect to the total weight of the support. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of said adsorbent and use thereof in a process for the elimination of acidic molecules such as COS and/or CO.sub.2.

Dangerous, toxic, and/or radioactive volatiles are produced from nuclear fission, nuclear decay, and/or as a byproduct from vitrification of radioactive wastes. Such volatiles are treated during and after vitrification of the radioactive waste, to be converted into fixed-chemicals, that are retained in, on, and/or proximate to a cold-cap located vertically above vitrified melt. The cold-cap may have one or more volatile fixing additives (VFAs) for retaining the fixed-chemicals. The VFAs are located in and/or the cold-cap. The vitrification may occur within at least one human-made cavern. The human-made cavern may be located within a deep geologic rock formation. The deep geologic rock formation may be located at least 2,000 feet below a terrestrial surface of the Earth. The human-made cavern may be formed by first drilling a wellbore from the terrestrial surface to the deep geologic rock formation and then underreaming the wellbore into the deep geologic rock formation.

A porous activated asphaltene material is described with a method of making and a method of using for the adsorption of a contaminant from a solution. The porous activated asphaltene material may be made by functionalizing solid asphaltene with nitric acid, and then treating the product with a metal hydroxide. The resulting porous activated asphaltene material exhibits a high porosity, and may be cleaned and reused for adsorbing contaminants.

A method of removing one or more antibiotics from a dairy product, the method involve passing the dairy product comprising an antibiotic in a first amount through a bulk comprising, relative to a total bulk weight, at least 75 wt. % of titanium oxide nanostructures, to provide the dairy product comprising the antibiotic in a second, lesser amount, wherein the nanostructures have lengths at least two-fold in excess of their width and height. Bulk materials useful in this or related methods or applications may have loosely tangled, noodle-like morphologies on sub-100 nm scale, and need not employ graphene and/or polymeric support networks in columns, generally having only titanium oxides without silicon or iron oxides.

A process for producing a calcium phosphate reactant, according to which: in a first step, use is made of a source of calcium and a source of phosphate ions in water, in a molar ratio that is adjusted so as to obtain a Ca/P molar ratio of between 0.5 and 1.6, and the source of calcium is reacted with the phosphate ions at a pH of between 2 and 8, in order to obtain a suspension (A) of calcium phosphate, and in a second step, added to the suspension (A) are an alkaline compound comprising hydroxide ions in order to set a pH of more than 8 and an additional source of calcium in order to obtain a suspension (B) of calcium phosphate reactant having a Ca/P molar ratio of more than 1.6. A calcium phosphate reactant obtainable by such a process.

Provided is a purification material capable of highly efficiently removing contaminant components from water. A water purification material has a composition represented by a mixing ratio of zeolite, ferric hydroxide, activated carbon, titanium oxide, and magnesium hydroxide of 6 to 7:1 to 2:0.5 to 1:0.01 to 0.05:0.01 to 0.10 in terms of weight ratio.

A composition and method for sorbing a mobilized metal which can optionally include uranium, and which can optionally be used for capping uranium-containing mining tailings. The method can include forming a layered structure atop the metal-containing mining tailings which sorbs the metal and prevents it from being discharged as surface water runoff and which prevents it from being released into groundwater.

Lime-based sorbent suitable for use in a flue gas treatment process comprising at least 70 wt. % of Ca(OH).sub.2 and at least 0.2 wt. % to at most 10 wt. % of a first additive selected among the group of hydrogels of natural or synthetic origin, in particular superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) or in the group of cellulose ethers or a combination thereof, premix for use in a manufacturing process of said sorbent, process for manufacturing the sorbent and use of said sorbent in a flue gas treatment process

A plurality of carbonation plots are positioned in communication with atmospheric carbon dioxide to facilitate sequestration thereof via ambient weathering. The carbonation plots include a composition rich in metal oxides, which are positioned within the environment, such as on non-arable land, and exposed to the environment to react with carbon dioxide in the air and form metal carbonates. After about one year of exposure, the composition is recollected and calcined to produce a carbon dioxide stream and replenish the metal oxides, which can be redistributed in the carbonation plots to sequester additional carbon dioxide. The systems and methods of the present disclosure enable capture and redistribution of carbon dioxide for industrial-scale uses for very abundant quarry minerals and enable large-scale low-cost carbon capture projects for municipalities or corporations. CO.sub.2 removal from air via these methods and systems have a similar or lower cost than CO.sub.2 removal using DAC with synthetic sorbents or solvents.