A system for and method of, processing post-consumer and post-industrial waste streams, producing active ingredients for waste stream processing, processing aqueous waste streams, preparing and collecting a multi-purpose chemical precursor, removing phosphates, nitrates, heavy metals, and other contaminants from aqueous waste streams, collecting and processing a post-consumer and post-industrial product from aqueous waste streams, administering and positioning assets and processes associated with waste stream processing, and scheduling operations for sub-systems of the system.

A gas scrubber includes a canister having a rotatable spiral separator which provides a non-linear path configured to be filled with modular adsorbent material portions between a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

The present disclosure relates to non-hemolytic adsorbent compositions useful for isolating, enumerating, accounting, and removing the disease-causing toxic constituents in the blood. The said compositions are useful in identifying the disease, disease status, and validating the efficacy of the therapeutic treatment being administered for the treatment of the disease. Methods for isolating, enumerating, accounting, and removing disease-causing toxic constituents in the blood as well as monitoring the disease status and validating the efficacy of the therapeutic treatment being administered for the treatment of the disease are disclosed.

High surface area magnesium carbonate structures formed from a calcined slurry of magnesium carbonate powder and a binder and method for their use to adsorb aqueous phosphate and ammonia for recovery and repurposing as a fertilizer are disclosed. A binder is utilized to aid in the formation of useful structures. The binder significantly increase porosity and the available surface area for adsorption.

A process for extracting fluoride from a solution of high pH comprising more than 0.1 mol of alkaline hydroxide and/or alcoholate per liter dissolved in a polar solvent is described. The polar solvent is chosen from water, lower alcohols, and mixtures thereof. The process is characterized in that the solution liquid is contacted with a solid phase adsorbent chosen from a) alkaline earth salts comprising carbonate anions, oxo anions, sulphate anions, or phosphate anions, and alkaline earth salts comprising a mixture of such anions or a mixture of such anions with hydroxyl anions, and b) cation binding resins loaded with one or more 3-valent cations, chosen from 3-valent cations of Al, Ga, In, Fe, Cr, Sc, Y, La and lanthanoides.

Some embodiments are directed to a system for extracting carbon dioxide from a fluid. The system can include a fluid source and a reactor. The reactor can include one or more chambers, and each chamber can include one or more monoliths for adsorbing carbon dioxide from the fluid. The chambers can be alternatively unsealed for a contacting mode and sealed for a regeneration mode. A power source can provide an electric current to the monoliths to release carbon dioxide adsorbed by the monoliths. Each chamber can include an array of monoliths. Each monolith can include a sorbent that adsorbs carbon dioxide from fluid. The system can include modular components such that the number of reactors can be increased or decreased.

A promoted activated carbon sorbent is described that is highly effective for the removal of mercury from flue gas streams. The sorbent comprises a new modified carbon form containing reactive forms of halogen and halides. Optional components may be added to increase reactivity and mercury capacity. These may be added directly with the sorbent, or to the flue gas to enhance sorbent performance and/or mercury capture. Mercury removal efficiencies obtained exceed conventional methods. The sorbent can be regenerated and reused. Sorbent treatment and preparation methods are also described. New methods for in-flight preparation, introduction, and control of the active sorbent into the mercury contaminated gas stream are described.

A promoted activated carbon sorbent is described that is highly effective for the removal of mercury from flue gas streams. The sorbent comprises a new modified carbon form containing reactive forms of halogen and halides. Optional components may be added to increase reactivity and mercury capacity. These may be added directly with the sorbent, or to the flue gas to enhance sorbent performance and/or mercury capture. Mercury removal efficiencies obtained exceed conventional methods. The sorbent can be regenerated and reused. Sorbent treatment and preparation methods are also described. New methods for in-flight preparation, introduction, and control of the active sorbent into the mercury contaminated gas stream are described.

Sorbent compositions containing calcium and iodine are added to coal to mitigate the release of mercury and/or other harmful elements into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.

Methods of producing solid CO.sub.2 sequestering carbonate materials are provided. Aspects of the methods include introducing a divalent cation source into a flowing aqueous liquid (e.g., a bicarbonate rich product containing liquid) under conditions sufficient such that a non-slurry solid phase CO.sub.2 sequestering carbonate material is produced. Also provided are systems configured for carrying out the methods.