Sorbent compositions containing calcium and iodine are added to coal to mitigate the release of mercury and/or other harmful elements into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.

An oxygen absorbing resin composition having high oxygen absorbing performance is provided. An oxygen-absorbing resin composition comprising an oxygen absorber containing iron powder and a metal halide and a resin is provided. The oxygen-absorbing resin composition is characterized in that the content of aluminum is 50 ppm by mass or less.

An atmospheric water harvesting material includes a deliquescent salt, a photothermal agent, and a polymeric hydrogel matrix containing the deliquescent salt and photothermal agent.

An atmospheric water harvesting material includes a deliquescent salt, a photothermal agent, and a polymeric hydrogel matrix containing the deliquescent salt and photothermal agent.

Provided are sorbents and associated methods and systems for removing mercury from process gases or fluid streams. The sorbents may include activated carbon and pyrite. The sorbents may optionally include one or more additives, such as a halide salt.

A heterogeneous procatalyst includes a titanium species, a magnesium chloride component, and a chlorinating agent having a structure A(C)x(R.sup.1)3-x, where A is aluminum or boron, R.sup.1 is a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl, and x is 1, 2, or 3. The magnesium chloride component may be thermally treated at a temperature greater than 100 C for at least 30 minutes before or after introduction of the chlorinating agent and titanium species to the heterogeneous procatalyst. The heterogeneous procatalyst having the thermally treated magnesium chloride exhibits improved average molecular weight capability. Processes for producing the heterogeneous procatalyst and processes for producing ethylene-based polymers utilizing the heterogeneous procatalyst are also disclosed.

A procatalyst including a preformed magnesium chloride catalyst support having a surface area of greater than or equal to 100 m.sup.2/g, a titanium containing component, a chlorinating agent, and a hydrocarbon soluble transition metal compound having an oxidation state of greater than or equal to 5+. The hydrocarbon soluble transition metal compound having an oxidation state of greater than or equal to 5+ is not vanadium.

Methods and systems for reducing mercury emissions from fluid streams are provided herein, as are adsorbent materials having high volumetric iodine numbers.

A heterogeneous procatalyst includes a titanium species, a magnesium chloride component, and a chlorinating agent having a structure A(Cl)x(R.sup.1)3-x, where A is aluminum or boron, R.sup.1 is a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl, and x is 1, 2, or 3. The magnesium chloride component may be thermally treated at a temperature greater than 100 C for at least 30 minutes before or after introduction of the chlorinating agent and titanium species to the heterogeneous procatalyst. The heterogeneous procatalyst having the thermally treated magnesium chloride exhibits improved average molecular weight capability. Processes for producing the heterogeneous procatalyst and processes for producing ethylene-based polymers utilizing the heterogeneous procatalyst are also disclosed.

Biogenic activated carbon compositions disclosed herein comprise at least 55 wt % carbon, some of which may be present as graphene, and have high surface areas, such as Iodine Numbers of greater than 2000. Some embodiments provide biogenic activated carbon that is responsive to a magnetic field. A continuous process for producing biogenic activated carbon comprises countercurrently contacting, by mechanical means, a feedstock with a vapor stream comprising an activation agent including water and/or carbon dioxide; removing vapor from the reaction zone; recycling at least some of the separated vapor stream, or a thermally treated form thereof, to an inlet of the reaction zone(s) and/or to the feedstock; and recovering solids from the reaction zone(s) as biogenic activated carbon. Methods of using the biogenic activated carbon are disclosed.